SPLANCHNOLOGY 



147 



developed than the musculares laterales, occurs on each of the 

 anterior and the posterior parts of the gizzard. 



The serous coat covers over the greater part of the external sur- 

 face of the gizzard and closely adheres to the muscular coat. 



Function. — The hard callous pads of the gizzard, operated by the 

 powerful muscles above described, together with grit, act like mill 

 stones and make reduction to fineness very complete. 



At the posterior part there is a sacculated portion containing 

 glands of the long tubular type which secrete a fluid ferment 



Fig. 35. — A median antero-posterior section through the body of a i-pound 

 pullet. I, First portion of the esophagus. 2, Crop'. 3, Second portion of the 

 intestine. 4, Proventriculus. 3, Gizzard. 6, Spleen. 7, Liver. 8, Heart. 

 9, Point where duodenum was severed from gizzard. 10, Point where duodenum 

 was severed. 11, Duodenum. 12, Pancreas. 13, Caecum. 14, Floating small 

 intestine. 15, Ovary. 16, Oil sac. 



similar to that secreted by the glands of the pyloric portion of the 

 stomach of mammals. These glands also exist in a small band near 

 the entrance of the gizzard. Here the food is mixed with strongly 

 acid secretion containing pepsin which makes gastric digestion 

 perfect. '' 



The Small Intestine (Fig. 31, No. 8 and 9). — The small intestine, 

 intestinum tenue, is the tube which connects the gizzard with the 

 large ijitestine. It is divided into two parts, the_duodeiu«»-aHd the 

 free portion. Of the three parts as considered in the mammaUan 



