298 ANATOMY OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL 



downward, accompanying and surrounding the carotid artery; a 

 second large trunk fusing with the recurrent pharyngeus and the 

 glosso-pharjmgeus; a third trunk which merges with the hypoglossal; 

 finally several trunks which are distributed to the head. 



The temporo-lacrimalis, one of the large sympathetic nerves of 

 the head, as it extends from the cervical nerve gangUon, receives 

 branches from the ganglion radicis vagi. This nerve, passing be- 

 tween these two ganglions, extends horizontally forward and out- 

 ward through a foramen, crossing the glosso-phar3mgeus. Near 

 the Fallopian canals it crosses the facial nerves, lies supero-laterally, 

 and receives a short branch from the facial nerve whose fibers are 

 traceable to the geniculate ganglion. It also receives a branch 

 from the recurrent maxillaris. 



This nerve accompanies the external ophthalmic artery forming 

 around it a network of fibers, called the external ophthalmic plexus. 

 It lies outside and downward from the optic • nerve, sends fine 

 branches to the external ophthalmic artery and to the masseter 

 artery, and extends along with a small branch of the superior 

 maxillary nerve to the skin of the outside rim of the eye cavity. 



The ophthalmic plexus, a second trimk extending to the head, 

 enters in its course, anteriorly, the lacrimal plexus. Its fibers also 

 supply the lacrimal gland, and finally anastomose with the second 

 recurrent branch of the trigeminus. 



The sympathetic caroiicus cephalicus nerve, a third trunk extend- 

 ing to the head, after emerging from the large superior cervical nerve 

 ganglion, receives some small branches from the glosso-pharyngeal 

 ganglion, and then enters, in a horizontal manner, a foramen, the 

 canaHs caroticus externus, located in the lower part of the basi- 

 occipital and the sphenoid bone. The anterior opening of this fora- 

 men, or canal, is close to the posterior part of the pterygoid bone. 

 Inside this canal the sympathetic caroticus cephaHcus receives a 

 smaU branch which extends in a straight line from the basal part of 

 the facial nerve. After receiving this branch, the nerve trunk, pass- 

 ing to the ear drum, lies close to the petrosum and the sphenoid. It 

 is covered by the masseter muscle. The carotic ganglion is located 

 at the point of the fusion of the caroticus cephalicus with the main 

 trunk. At this point the caroticus cephahcus divides into two 

 branches. The first is the superior recurrent nerve, which lies 

 close to the upper surface of the alae of the sphenoid, passes between 

 the obliquus externus and the orbital wall, around the eyeball. 



