312 



ANATOMY OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL 



The first outer covering of the bird, or baby chick, is a temporary 

 one consisting of fasciculi of long filaments of down. These 

 fascicuU on their first appearance, are enveloped in a sheath, which 

 soon becomes ruptured and are entirely cast off by the time the 

 baby chicks are ready to be taken from the nest or the incubator. 



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Fig. 8o. — Photomicrograph o£ the skin of the neck of a S. C. White Leghorn 

 hen. I, The skin possessing an outer stratum, the stratum corneum, next the 

 stratum lucidum, next the stratum granulosum and underneath the stratum 

 germinativum. Beneath the outer dark band representing the upper skin 

 strata is the pars reticularis of the derma. 2, Papilla showing from inside to 

 outside the hyaline feather wall, the stratum corneum, the Malpighiau layer of 

 the follicle, the corium. Inside the feather is noted the pulp-like material. 



The down fascicuU, each emerging from its small quiU, are 

 succeeded by the feathers, which they apparently guide through the 

 skin. 



Feathers do not spring from all parts of the body alike; especially 

 devoid of feathers are those parts where chafing and friction is 

 greatest, as under the wings and in the groin. 



At the end of the quill there is a small opening, the inferior 

 umbilicus, into which projects a papilla of the dermis. Where the 



