416 



APPENDIX. 



on a level with its top. These cross pieces support long 

 slender bars parallel with the rafters, and formed on the 



top in the shape of a common 

 2 , i& sash-bar and to receive the 



glass. 



% Shortening-in the peach, p. 

 281. The great advantages 

 of this system of pruning 

 have been pointed out on p. 

 281. But those who have 



zS large orchards can hardly be 

 persuaded to adopt it,although 

 the improvement in the fruit 

 and in its increased value in 

 market, would well repay the 



- c labor, especially if done with 

 long-handled shears. These, 

 with a little practice, enable 

 the operator to work with 

 great expedition. 

 Flg ' 313 ' Where, however, this mode 



of pruning is neglected, and the heads begin to extend into 



long branches, with a 

 naked centre, (fig. 314,) 

 a more wholesale kind 

 of pruning may be a- 

 dopted. Three or four 

 feet may in cases of 

 necessity be taken off at 

 a stroke, provided the 

 cut be made close above 

 a considerable side- 

 branch, which leaves 

 no stump, and causes 

 the wound soon to heal 

 over. Such pruning, 

 when judiciously per- 

 formed, so as to give a 

 neat, round, open head, 

 will in a year or two 



