80 ECONOMIC WOODS OF THE UNITED STATES 



-Growth rings rather wide and uniform. Color light 

 red. Sapwobd thin. 



Norway or Red Pine. Pinus resinosa Ait. (L). 



b^ The radial walls of each ray-parenchyma cell with 3-6 

 rather small simple pits communicating with each 

 adjacent wood, tracheid (Fig. 7). Hard Pine Group. 



a' Wood mostly heavy ,_hardjStrongj_ rather tough; 

 unevenly textured. Sapwood vanable. 



Southern Pines.* ° 



a* Wood usually extremely heavy and hard; very 

 . reanous. 



a^ Growth rin^_mostly_narrow, uni form in 

 wMtir^OT^d outline. Color uniform, dark 

 "reddish yellow to reddish brown. Sapwood 

 thin. Parts of wood often becoming '^faity^ 

 with resin. 

 LdnglVaf Pine. P. palustris Mill. (S).' 



b^ Growth_^ingsjnostlj;_wide, variabls^ Dark 

 straw-color with tinge of flesh-color. Sap- 

 wood thick. 

 Cuban Pine. P. heterophylla (Ell.) Sudw. (S). 



b^ Wood of medium weight and hardness. ^Le^ 

 resinous than in preceding. 



a^ Grojs±h_riiigsmostly of medium width, but 

 variable; often irregulafln width and out- 

 line. Wood rather variable; fairly hard and 

 strong. Color whitish to reddish brown. 

 Late wood dense. Sapwood widely vari- 

 able; usually rather thick. 



Shortleaf Pine. P. echinata Mill. (S). 



b° Growth rin gs widely variable, often ex ^. 

 t remely SroacL, irregular, somewhat double. 

 Wood variable from somewhat hard, com- 

 pact, and strong, to light, coarse, and 

 brashy; late wood often not dense. 



* It is difficult and very often impossible to make specific distinctions 

 in this group by macroscopic inspection, and the microscopic features so far 

 recognized are of little assistance. 



