92 ECONOMIC WOODS OF THE UNITED STATES 



thin sapwood lighter. Demarcation in color be- 

 tween heartwood and sapwood distinct. Rays het- 

 erogeneous. Common Catalpa. Catalpa catalpa Karst. 

 (C, S); Hardy Catalpa. spedosa Ward. (C).^^ 



b' Rays narrow. (1-3 cells), very fine but fairly distinct. 

 Color light orange brown. 



a^ Odor aromatic or spicy , usually quite pronounced. 

 Often with characteristic pleasant taste (most pro- 

 nounced in inner bark) . Wood light and soft . Pores 

 in late wood in numerous small groups radially, and 

 toward periphery of growth ring tangentially, elon- 

 gated. Sapwood very thin, nearly white. Clear 

 demarcation in color between heartwood and sap- 

 wood. Occasional marginal cells very large, ovate or 

 round; rays heterogeneous (Fig. 3, A). 



Sassafras. Sassafras sassafras Karst. (S, C)."* 



c' Rays variable, but usually quite distinct, mostly 5-9 

 cells wide. Color o f w ood va,ria,ble. but iisna.lly H ppp aiy^ 

 striM ng, 



a^ C olor golden velln ^i' t? n^^f'ninli brgyiTi; very thin 

 sapwood white or greenish! Wood extremely hard 

 (like horn), very heavy and strong. Texture fine. 

 Vessels densely plugged with tyloses. Pores in early 

 wood in. comparatively narrow zone, irregular, inter- 

 spersed with abimdant wood parenchyma. Pores iu 

 outer portion of late wood in large groups joined 

 tangentially by wood parenchyma. Rays hetero- 

 geneous. 



a' Color always golden yellow, though darkening 

 upon exposure; vertically streaked with narrow 

 red stripes. Color slightly soluble in water. 

 Lustre high. ' Wood tasteless. Rays fine, numer- 

 ous, rather inconspicuous. Osage Orange. Toxy- 

 lon pomiferum Raf. (C, S) (Plate III, Fig. 4).'-' 



b' Color varying fro m golden yellow to brown , often 

 greenish, usually uniform in single specimen; 

 rarely striped with red. Color of golden yellow 

 wood readily soluble in water, wet wood giving off 

 stain when applied to white paper or cloth. 



