ECONOMIC WOODS OF THE UNITED .STATES 101 



Tulip-tree. Liriodendron tulipifera L. (C, N) 

 (Plate VI, Figs. 2, 4).*' 



b^ Vessels with abundant scalariform bordered 

 pits (Plate VI, Fig. 3); with spirals, though 

 often indistinct. Pores often in radial groups 

 of 3-8. 



a^ Rays crowded on cross section, conspicuous ; 

 2-3-seriate, mostly 50-100 cells high. Pores 

 very crowded. Texture coarse. Color light 

 brown. 



Sweet Bay. Magnolia glauca L. (S). 



b* Rays not crowded on cross section, incon- 

 spicuous; nearly always biseriate and usu- 

 ally 10-15 cells high. Pores moderately 

 crowded. Texture fine . Color usually as 

 in TAri.ni lp'nrlrn'n Cucumber Tree. M. 

 acuminata L. (C, A) (Plate VI, Fig. 3). 



b' Wood with cross or inter locked grain, rathe r 

 heavy, mndp.rately ha.rri^ dimcuit to work ; fine- 

 textured. Wood fibres with thick walls, mostly 

 square; in rather definite radial rows. Pores 

 very numerous, uniformly distributed. Vessels 

 rather sparsely pitted, often with scalariform 

 bordered pits; spirals confined to constricted ends 

 of segments, inconspicuous; tyloses present. 

 Wood-parenchyma fibres few, scattered. Rays 

 heterogeneous; very fine, 1-2-seriate, few to 30 

 cells high; resinous. Color reddish brow n, 

 usually with irregular dark streaks producing 

 "watered" effect on smooth longitudinal surface. 

 Red or Sweet Gum. lAquidambar styraaflua L. 

 (C, S) (Plate VI, Fig. 1).*» 

 c^ Rays mostly indistinct to unaided eye , variable, 1-7- 

 seriate. 



a^ Pores comparatively few, widely variable in size, 

 mostly in irregularly branching radial lines; near 

 periphery of growth ring minute and in groups 

 which appear to unaided eye as white dots. Ves- 

 sels with numerous, rather large bordered pits; 



