34 FISHERIES ARBITRATION AT THE HAGUE 



was the great Louisiana territory and the northwest territory 

 stretching out to the west with indefinite limits that no one knew, 

 unsurveyed, to a great extent unexplored, being part of the territory 

 of the United States, and the inhabitants of those different states 

 all pushing out into it. Then it is of the nature of a state to change 

 its territories, and the loosely compacted organization of 1778, which 

 existed when the 1783 treaty was made, had disappeared in 1818, 

 and there was this closely compacted empire whose citizens were 

 quite independent of residence in one state or another and had 

 scattered widely over this great area. So I hardly think that we 

 can find any limitation to a specific territory. 



The President: So that, in 1818, the term "inhabitants of 

 the United States" embraced also persons who were not citizens 

 of one of the different states if they had a residence in the territory 

 of the United States ? 



Senator Root: Yes. 



# 



Dr. Drago : May I draw your attention to the fact that in the 

 Treaty of Peace of 1783, Article 3, the words "people of the United 

 States" and "inhabitants of the United States" are used as con- 

 vertible terms ? 



Senator Root: That is true. 



Dr. Draco : Article 3 says that 



"the People of the United States shall continue to enjoy unmolested the right 

 to take Fish of every kind." 



It further says: 



"And also that the inhabitants of the United States shall have liberty to 

 take fish of every kind." 



"the Inhabitants of both Countries" 



shall have the hberty to take fish, etc., and then proceeds: 



"the Inhabitants of the United States shall have liberty to take fish of every 

 kind," etc. 



You can see that all these denominations are used as equivalent 

 terms. 



