38 FISHERIES ARBITRATION AT THE HAGUE 



government of the United States chose to assert to Great Britain 

 that it had a right under this treaty to have that inhabitant, 

 although a citizen of Great Britain, exercise certain rights, then 

 the question would arise and it might be a difficult one. 



One single word about the meaning of "bays, harbors, and 

 creeks." I merely desire to make an observation regarding the 

 ordinary use of the words as English words. It seems to me quite 

 plain that the word "gulf" is used only to indicate very large 

 indentations in the land — the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, 

 the Gulf of Genoa, the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the Gulf of Mexico. 

 The word "bays" seems to be used either for very large indenta- 

 tions, which might be called gulfs, or very small ones, there being 

 a wide range. For instance, there are the Bay of Biscay and 

 Hudson Bay, which might well be called gulfs; the Bay of New 

 York, the Bay of Fimdy, Conception Bay, the Bay of Chaleur, the 

 Bay of Naples, the Bay of Rio, Bahia Blanca (in Argentina), 

 Bahia Honda (in Cuba), Bahia (in Brazil), Bantry Bay, Bay of 

 Islands, and Bonne Bay, all of which are less than six miles wide, 

 and there is not a bay on the western coast of Newfoundland which 

 is more than six miles wide, except St. George's Bay. All the bays 

 out of which the Americans were ordered by the French on this 

 occasion that has been referred to were bays less than six miles 

 wide, except St. George's Bay — so I am instructed; I have not 

 been there to measure them. 



Let me now say something about the practical bearing of your 

 decision on the profitable use of the treaty right. I shall make 

 some observations regarding the course of legislation in Newfound- 

 land. I wish to impress upon the Tribunal this disclaimer, that I 

 do not say a single word of fault-finding with Newfoundland or its 

 government. They are and have been for many years protecting 

 their interests, which is very much the duty of the government, 

 and have been following the natural and commendable instincts 

 of human nature in doing it. I find no fault with them. I am 

 going to challenge a judge; I am going to put to the judgment of 

 the Tribunal the question whether the government of Newfound- 

 land, constituted as it is, inspired by the motives that it has, can 

 be properly a judge upon our rights, which are its burdens, and left 

 to draw the line which was intended to be established by the grant 



