ARGUMENT OF MR. ROOT 63 



mentioned, in which the protection of the shore fishery against the 

 vessel fishery is embodied in the poHcy of the government of New- 

 foundland. The question whether a purse seine has any other 

 objection than its efl&cacy still must be determined by experts, for 

 whom we have asked, and whose appointment I understand our 

 friends upon the other side have objected to. 



Another statute which is not referring to herring fishery, or 

 bait, but which breathes the same spirit, is the prohibition against 

 the use of bultows on the south shore. That is to be found in its 

 present form in section 62 of the Regulations of 1908, into which 

 it comes from some period in the past, on p. 208 : 



"No bultows shall be used on the fishing grounds from Cape La Hume 

 to Cape Ray, both inclusive, in the district of Burgeo and La PoUe." 



Cape La Hune was the limit of one of the other provisions. Just 

 east of the end of the treaty coast. Now Sir James Winter has 

 told us that the only place on Newfoundland itself where cod-fish 

 are taken in any considerable number is on the south coast. The 

 way cod-fish may be taken is with the hand fines, by the shore 

 fisherman, or with traps, which, as described by Sir James Winter, 

 are those having four sides, set down to the bottom, with a leader 

 that runs up to the shore, so that as fish pass along the shore they 

 nm against this leader, that is, a net running up to the shore, they 

 run against that, and follow that along down, and go into -the trap, 

 and there they are when the fisherman goes out in the morning. 

 That is purely the shore fisherman's concern. He sets it out from 

 the shore. It is not a vessel fisherman's plan. The wayin which the 

 vessel fishermen take cod-fish on this south shore, and also upon 

 the Labrador shore, is by the bultow, these long fines; and here is 

 the provision which prohibits the use of that kind of fishing on the 

 very coast and the only part of the coast to which Americans may 

 resort for cod-fishing purposes. There are other little places, where 

 there are local regulations, where there is a similar prohibition, 

 depending, as Sir James said, on local option, people wanting to 

 keep anybody else from coming and interfering with their fisheries. 



You see they are protecting the shore fishermen against people 

 coming from outside. 



When you get up on to the Labrador coast there is another 



