122 FISHERIES ARBITRATION AT THE HAGUE 



tories in India, or to or from the dominions of the Emperor of China, at the 

 Cape of Good Hope, the Island of St. Helena, or such other places as may 

 be in the possession of Great Britain, in the African or Indian Seas; it being 

 well understood that, in all that regards this article, the citizens of the United 

 States shall be subject in all respects to the laws and regulations of the British 

 Government from time to time established." 



I will hand to the Court and to counsel on the other side a paper 

 containing printed copies of the articles containing the trade grants 

 in a long series of treaties made between Great Britain and other 

 countries, and between the United States and other countries prior 

 to or in the approximate neighborhood of the year 1818; and in 

 all of them are express reservations of the right of the country in 

 which trade and travel privileges are to be enjoyed by the citizens 

 of the other nation to the exercise of that country's full right of 

 regulation and the requirement of subjection to its laws. 



The United States treaties, which are taken from the volume 

 of treaties and conventions that is available in every Hbrary, are 

 with the Netherlands in 1782, with Prussia in 1785, with Prussia 

 in 1799, with Great Britain in 1815, with Sweden and Norway in 

 1816, with Colombia in 1824, with Central America in 1825, with 

 Denmark in 1826, with Sweden and Norway in 1827, with the 

 Hanseatic republics in 1827, with Brazil in 1828, with Prussia in 

 1828, with Austria-Hungary in 1829, with Greece in 1837, with 

 Sardinia in 1838, with Portugal in 1840, with Hanover in 1840, 

 with the Argentine Confederation in 1853, with the two Sicilies in 

 1855, and with Great Britain in 1794 — the treaty I have already 

 referred to. 



The treaties of Great Britain with other countries which con- 

 tain similar express reservations: Treaty with Portugal, 1642; 

 with Portugal, 1654; with Sweden, 1654; with Deiunark, 1660; 

 with Sweden, 1661; with Spain, 1669; with Denmark, 1670; with 

 France, 1786; with Portugal, 1810; with the Netherlands, 1815; 

 with France, 1815; with the two SiciUes, 1816; with the Nether- 

 lands, 1824; with Buenos Ayres, 1825; with Colombia, 1825; with 

 Sweden, 1826; with Mexico, 1826; with Austria, 1829; with Frank- 

 fort, 1832; with Austria, 1838. 



It is plain to see where the idea originated that trade and travel 

 rights are to be exercised subject to the municipal right of regulation 



