VERTEBRATES EATEN BY THE LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE. 21 
Following is a list of birds reported to have been killed by the 
loggerhead: 
English sparrow (Passer domesticus). 
Tree sparrow (Spizella monticola). 
Yellow-winged sparrow (4Ammodramus savannarum passerinus). 
Song sparrow (Melospiza fasciata). 
Western chipping sparrow (Spizella socialis arizone).! 
White-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis).” 
Young chicken.3 
Canary (Serinus canarius).4 
Chimney Swift (Chetura pelagica).+ 
Ground dove (Columbigallina passerina terrestris). 
Bell’s vireo (Vireo belli). 
Snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis).° 
Blue-gray gnatcatcher (Polioptila cerulea).! 
MAMMALS EATEN BY THE LOGGERHEAD. 
From the laboratory investigation there is no evidence to show that 
shrews are eaten, but Mr. Robert Ridgway has seen shrews that had 
been impaled by the loggerhead. Mice are often found in stomachs of 
birds killed in winter, at which season they form 50 percent, and for the 
whole year 16 percent, of the food. The pretty white-footed mice are 
favorites. Bones, skin, and two tails of this mouse were taken from 
one stomach. The loggerhead is a good mouser during cold weather, 
but owing to its weaker bill is not so successful as the butcherbird in 
its battles with the large meadow mice. 
Cases have been recorded where loggerheads ate carrion. Mr. 
William Lloyd, in an article entitled ‘Birds of Tom Green and Concho 
counties, Texas’ (The Auk, Vol. IV, 1887, p. 295), states that in the 
severe January of 1884 he found a loggerhead shrike so gorged from 
feeding on a dead sheep that it could not fly. 
OTHER VERTEBRATES EATEN BY THE LOGGERHEAD, 
Lizards were found in 6 of the 9 stomachs collected south of the lat- 
itude of Nashville, Tenn. One of the lizards was the so-called chame- 
leon (Anolis principalis). Snakes, fish, and frogs are occasionally eaten. 
On this subject Mr. H. G. Gedney writes: * * * “I have often seen 
‘them (loggerheads) return to lizards and tree toads which they had 
impaled * * *, I saw a loggerhead attack a snake of the genus Lepto- 
phis, nearly two feet long, and after a sharp contest succeed in dis- 
patching it.” It is not at all uncommon for loggerhead shrikes to kill 
snakes. In The Osprey for April, 1897, is a picture of an impaled 
garter snake (Hutenia sirtalis) beside a loggerhead’s nest, and several 
observers have told me that they attack snakes and impale their 
bodies. Prof. W. G. Johnson, of the Maryland Agricultural College, 
1 William Lloyd. 3 Florida Dispatch. 5W. H. Collins. 
2 William Palmer. 4 Robert Ridgway. 
