52 BIRDS OF CALIFORNIA AFFECTING FRUIT INDUSTRY. 
other shrubbery, but not rarely in the orchard. During the migra- 
tion it is common and widespread. 
Fifty-two stomachs of this bird have been examined, and though 
the evidence is somewhat fragmentary, it suffices to reveal the general 
character of the food. 
animal food—Animal matter amounts to over 93 percent, vege- 
table to less than 7 percent. Of the former, the larger item is Hemip- 
tera, which aggregates over 35 percent. The black olive scale was 
found in four stomachs, but leaf-hoppers make up the bulk of this 
portion of the food. Hymenoptera stand next in importance, with 31 
percent, made up of both wasps and ants. 
Flies are eaten to the extent of 11 percent, and in connection with 
the Hymenoptera proves what observation of its habits indicate, that 
this bird gets much of its food when on the wing. .A good many of 
the insects were the tipulids, or crane-flies. 
Beetles of half a dozen different families were eaten to the extent 
of about 9 percent. They were mostly leaf-beetles (Chrysomelide), 
with a few weevils and one or two others. No coccinellids were 
found. 
Somewhat less than 5 percent of the food consists of caterpillars. 
They do not appear to be favorite food, for they are eaten very 
irregularly. Spiders also are taken only sparingly, and form but 
little more than 1 percent of the total food. 
Vegetable food.—The vegetable food, less than 7 percent of the 
total, is made up almost entirely of fruit pulp, and was eaten in the 
months of September and October. 
SUMMARY. 
The foregoing hasty review of the food of the golden pileolated 
warbler shows that its food habits are practically the same as those 
of other members of the family. The food is largely composed of 
insects, and its two most prominent elements are Hymenoptera and 
Hemiptera, which are eaten extensively and very regularly through 
the year. The other components of the diet apparently are taken 
with less regularity, 
WESTERN MOCKING BIRD. 
CWimus | oiygiotios leu opterus.) 
The mocking bird has always been held in such high esteem as a 
singer that perhaps it would be useless to attempt to add to the 
bird’s repute by showing that its food habits are of a high order of 
economle interest. Moreover, the title of the mocking bird to be 
ranked as an economic benefactor is not quite clear, for, though it 
