29 



These plants are said to be largely identical with those from the Miocene of Alaska as 

 described by Heer, with points of resemblance to those from Bellingham bay as described 

 by Newberry. " Whether the formation is Miocene or somewhat older, admits of doubt." 

 (15, 259-260). 



Cariboo Mine. 



Cariboo, on the Quesnel river, is about midway between Quesnel and Quesnel lake. 

 It is located in an area of undetermined character, but generally defined as Cambro-Silurian 

 and Triassic. Very few plants have been obtained from this locality, and such information 

 as bears upon it will appear in the discussion of species and elsewhere. 



Blackwater River. 



The lUackwater river runs from long. 125° 30' west, somewhat north of latitude 53'' 

 north, and forms a junction with the Fraser river 25 miles north of Quesnel. For about one 

 hundred and ten miles, it passes through a recognized Tertiary formation usually regarded 

 as Miocene, thence for the remainder of its course — thirty-seven miles — it passes through an 

 undetermined area generally indicated as Cambro-Silurian and Triassic, but without which 

 there are two very small Tertiary areas. Collections of plants made by Dr. Q. M. Dawson 

 in 1875, were reported upon by Sir William Dawson (I5, 259-260) and found to contain : — 



1. Acer sp. A seed two inches long, probibly of A. ma,aropt^,rum, (Ung.) Heer. 



2. Castanea castaneoefolia, (Ung ) Knowlton. 



3. Diospyros alaskana, Sohirap. 



4. Fagus sp. Very like F. feronice. 



5. Pinus sp. Two species rnpresented by seeds. 



6. Taxodium occidentale, Newb. 



7. Thuya sp. Probably T. interrupta. 



The resemblance of these plants to those from the Miocene of Alaska is pointed out, but 

 doubt is expressed as to whether they are Miocene or not (16,259-260). 



Tranquillb • River. 



The Tranquille river runs north from the eastern end of Kamloops lake through a 

 volcanic Tertiary for sixteen or more miles. It is distant from Coal brook about 44 miles, 

 and it is about the same distance north of Coal gully. In discussing the origin of ttiese 

 rocks. Dr. G M. Dawson remarks (W,C9B), " That these deposits antedate the period at which 

 volcanic activity on a great scale began, is rendered evident by two circumstances. They 

 include in their material no characteristic volcanic Tertiary rocks, while they appear without 

 doubt to be aflected by more pronounced folding than that affecting the volcanic rocks." 



From a further discussion of their deposition we are led to consider that the Tertiary 

 beds were deposited during an interlude in volcanic activity which, near the close of its first 

 period, caused a blocking up of the drainage whereby lakes were formed from the impounded 

 water. In these lakes the Tranquille beds were deposited, and they are chiefly developed in 

 the vicinity of Kamloops lake (9,72B). The locality designated as Kamloops is therefore to 

 be regarded as essentially synonymous with Tranquille or Tranquille river. 



The original collections from the Tranquille were described by Sir William Dawson in 

 1830 (23,75-91) and were of very minor importance : — 



