23 



It should not be overlooked that both Scudder and Cope have contributed evidence of 

 importance to the stratigraphical relations of these beds. In 1894 (9,75,76B) Scudder recog- 

 nized sixteen species of insects from the Similkameen area, and on this basis concluded that 

 the formation must be of Oligocene age. In the same year Cope recognized the occurrence of 

 Amyzon which he regarded as proving the equivalency of the Similkameen beds with the 

 Amyzon beds of Oregon. Although he hesitated to express a final opinion, he was led to 

 infer an Oligocene age for the formation. 



Finally, the more recent recognition by Lambe (60,151-155) of two species of Amyzon 

 obtained by Dr.G.M. Dawson, the one from the mouth of the Similkameen in 1888, and the other 

 from Kamloops lake in 1890, while Mr. J. B. Hobson obtained both species from the Horsefly 

 river in 1895, has led him to conclude that Cope's correlation of the Similkameen beds with 

 the Amyzon beds of Colorado and Nevada is correct, and that the beds of the Horsefly and 

 Tranquille rivers are undoubtedly of tie same age. 



Kettle Eiver. 



The Kettle river lies to the eastward of the Similkameen basin. Its course runs through 

 a volcanic area, and near the International Boundary it passes through a small area which 

 is usually regarded as Miocene. It measures about eighteen miles north and south, and fifteen 

 miles east and west. The town of Midway is situated at its southeastern extremity, and it 

 is from its vicinity that most of the plants known to the region have been obtained. 



Our only information respecting the flora of this small basin has been derived from a 

 collection made by Dr. E. A. Daly. in 1905 in connexion with the work of the Boundary 

 Commission for that year, and recently published in the Transactions of the Eoyal Society of 

 Canada (78). Although small, this collection is noteworthy for the large proportion of speci- 

 mens in the form of silicified woods, the structure of which was often remarkably well 

 preserved. The plants found are : — 



1. Betula sp. 



2. Cupressoxylon macrocarpoides, Penh. 



3. Cyperites sp. 



4. haydenii, Lesq. 



5. Fern stipes. 



6. Picea columbiensis, Penh. Leaves and cone. 



7. Phragmites sp. 



8. Plmis Columbiana, Penh. Cones and wood. 



9. Potamogeton sp. Fruit. 



10. Taxodium distichum miocenum, Heer. 



11. Ulmus sp. 



12. Ulmus columbiensis, Penh. Wood. 



13. proto-americana, Penh. Wood. 



14. proto-racemosd, Penh. Wood. 



From the evidence then at hand the conclusion was reached that the Kettle Eiver 

 area is of Eocene age. 



NiooLA Basin. 

 The Nicola basin includes four areas from which fossil plants have been derived — 



