5. Populus arctica, Heer. 



6. latior, Al. Br. 



7. hookeri, Heer. 



8. Pteris sitchensis, Heer. 



9. Sequoia langsdorjii, (Brongn) Heer. 

 10. Taxites olriki, Heer. 



In addition to these recognizable specimens, there were some pyritized woods of 

 doubtful character, but apparently representing Sequoia canadensis, Flatanus aceroides and 

 Gingko as determined by Schroter. 



It will be observed that although the collection was not an extensive one, it nevertheless 

 served to extend the original list in important ways, since it added no less than six species. 

 In summing up the results of his studies, Dawson (17,98d) concludes that these facts indicate 

 a very strong resemblance of the flora of the Mackenzie River beds to that of the Laramie 

 and other parts of Canada and the United States, and also with the Tertiary of Greenland, 

 Spitzbergen, Alaska and the Hebrides. They thus confirm the inferences as to this similarity 

 and as to the Lower Eocene age of the Upper Laramie as stated by him in the Report on 

 the Forty-ninth Parallel and in subsequent publications. 



The seven localities thus dealt with all lie within the general region commonly desig- 

 nated as the Laramie basin and regarded as of Lower Eocene or Lignite Tertiary age, and 

 to a consideration of this question, attention will be given in a subsequent page. 



THE SIMILKAMEEN VALLEY. 



The formation within the region of the Similkameen valley occupies a basin of an 

 irregularly circular form with an extension of about fifteen miles east and west, and fourteen 

 miles in its greatest northern and southern extension. According to the indications of the 

 geological map, the eastern half is regarded as comprising Tertiary volcanic rocks, while the 

 western half is sedimentary. Dawson observes (S#,112B) that the " Tertiary rocks of this 

 part of the province do not form such extensive, unbroken sheets as they do farther north, 

 a fact probably due to the more mountainous and rugged nature of the country at the time 

 of their deposition, and also to extensive and severe disturbance and denudation subsequent 

 to that time. They are for the moat part igneous rocks, but include thick masses of 

 argillaceous and arenaceous beds with lignites and coals. It is by no means improbable that 

 the Tertiary rocks of this part of British Columbia may eventually admit of separation into 

 several distinct series representing different stages in the Cainozoic period, but palseonto- 

 logical evidence of this is yet wanting." 



There is no region in western Canada that has received such searching and extensive 

 study of its flora as the Similkameen basin, and it will be convenient to consider it with* 

 reference to the various special localities examined. These are : — 



1. The Similkameen river. 



This includes plants not only from the main river, but from some other localities 

 not otherwise designated. 



2. The Tulameen or North Similkameen river, including 

 (a) Vermilion clifl:'. 



(6) Princeton. 



