266. ' PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL NUTRITION.. © 
1 I t . : 
Legth Heat Production. 
is 9 Sie of | OZ¥EeD| Resp 
Subject. _ Food. Experi-| ime di Quo- | Op- | Com- | Comp. 
ae pa aoe Liters, | 2e8*- |serv’d,| puted |+ Obs. 
OUTE: Cals. | Cals. % 
! , 
Two guinea- pigs... .| Third day of fasting.... 8 8.112] 0.791 | 37.106} 37.315] 100.6 
‘Ra hag adie \eeeme Sse Second day of fasting... 54 7.650| 0.752 | 35.254] 35.190] 99.8 
Duck. 2.) eehaexs Tee eee, ais B55 4 8.800] 0.750 | 40.375) 40.480} 100.3 
: Dog ‘s ‘evita’ Jove .* Qand4days.| 123 30.205| 0.758 |141.366/138.943) 98.2 
, Average of all 
fasting: CLDES. «| osis saincrclers Paws ae areneainnl maawieivios 82.812] 0.766 |385.403/380.935) 98.8 
ae 300 grms. of meat....... 20 51.683 | 0.816 |239.431/237.741| 99.2 
+ seoeuee-| 81.787] 0.917 |155.787/154.230] 99.0 
Mixed diet rich in 30 46.445] 0.893 |227.086/224.050] 98.6 
- carbohydrates 8 21.603} 0.885 |105.911/104.040) 98.2 
66 180.398| 0.973 |882.580/887.197} 100.5 
Z with, the ‘aid of the respiration-calorimeter of Atwater & Rosa (p. 
248), and i in addition to the great pains bestowed to obtain accurate 
results are especially distinguished by the fact that all the quantities 
involved were, so far as possible, subjected to direct measurement, 
‘estimates being avoided with the necessary exception of the poten- 
tial energy of the gain or loss by the body. The sublingual or 
axillary temperature of the subject was also measured in every case. 
The following results of one of the earliest experiments (No. 5) may 
serve to illustrate the general features of them all: 
Income, Outgo, 
; Cals. Cals. 
Energy of food ..... Priaciw eet Sain Sunelad ak 2655 
fe NO POCO Sinsicc shine ors ata e a Wethls vim endleve Gaia saree ads 143 
5 FOSUTIM Cas dncvonh oasis oo inte s: dudiatts cunigese a abe Bits 128 
Loss by body: 
Prove wens nicks aswoe eee eslnd ye Hae tees ste 2 —24 
HAE je ek vie tala re orate sen i Cera taeahaes ane cscs —73 
Heat production ..... Wealeueielgue Saieases Savevelens sane s desite 2379 
Balances::cccneees ce O00 dey bdaeaa a eebeaes 102 
2655 2655 © 
Aside from the loss of 97 Cals. by the body as supaied from the 
carbon and nitrogen balance, all the quantities in the above state- 
ment represent actual determinations of energy and the account 
balances within 102 Cals., which is 3.8 per cent. of the total energy 
of the food or 4.1 per cent. of the computed heat production. To 
put the matter in a slightly different way, the heat production as 
computed by Kellner’s method (p. 255) from the carbon and nitrogen 
balance and the energy of food and excreta exceeds by 102 Cals. 
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