480 PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL NUTRITION. 
Until, however, we have satisfactory determinations of the per- 
centage utilization of fat by carnivora, or of its net availability 
in ruminants, or both, no final conclusion on this point is possible. 
Wheat Gluten.—The three samples of this feeding-stuff experi- 
mented upon contained respectively 87.88, 83.45, and 82.67 per 
cent. of crude protein in the dry matter, the remainder being 
chiefly starch, with the exception of 2.22 per cent. of ether 
extract in the first lot. A reference to the results obtained, for 
the metabolizable energy will show that they were variable and 
also that, especially in the earlier experiments, the incidental 
effects were large. Tabulating the results as in case of starch 
and oil we have the results contained in the tables on this and 
the opposite pages. 
DISTRIBUTION OF GROSS ENERGY OF WHEAT GLUTEN, 
Work of 
Diges- 
ta In tion, 
In Feces. | Urine, |Methane.| Assimila-| In Gain. 
q 3 Per Cent. |Per Cent.|Per Cent.| tion. and/Per Cent. 
alg pulse 
pu Per Cent. 
(| T1T] 3 |—10.38 | 17.85] 10.81 | 44.72 | 37.00 
. || 11) 4 ]— 1.28 | 21.71] 5.08 | 38.69 | 35.80 
Kithn’s experiments. . 
| Av.)...J— 5.83 | 19.78 | 7.95 | 41.70 | 36.40 
IV | 3 |—16.17 | 16.18 |—1.26 | 42.35 | 58.90 
Kellner’s experiments: 
B; 1} 30.16} 16.58 | 0.08 | 33.58 | 19.60 
B{| 3 | 22.55 | 13.52 |—1.62 | 32.95 | 32.60 
Sample I.......... C|3 | 20.89 | 11.19 |—3.69 | 40.71 | 30.90 
Av.|...) 24.53 | 13.76 |—1.74 | 35.75 | 27.70 
Sample II.......... D/| 4] 15.80] 12.39 | 1.91 | 43.80 | 26.10 
Average of land IL.|....]...] 20.16 | 13.08 | 0.08 | 39.78 | 26.90 
The exceptionally small loss of energy in the urine in the case 
of Ox IV, Period 3, and the total suppression of the methane fer- 
mentation, as well as the fact that the metabolizable energy was 
apparently greater than the gross energy, seem to justify exclud- 
ing this experiment from the average, although there was appar- 
ently nothing abnormal in the ration fed. In the experiment 
with Ox D, Period 4, the nutritive ratio was very narrow 
(13.3), and Kellner considers this a probable explanation of the 
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