270 MICHIGAN BIRD LIFE. 
Cadillac, April 22, 1882, and obtained the old female with one young and 
one egg. None of these specimens can be located at present, and although 
Dr. Gibbs examined the young bird when alive, June 26, 1882, he was not 
able to identify it positively. The location is one of the highest in the 
Lower Peninsula (about 1700 feet) and the surroundings precisely what 
one would expect for the summer home of the Goshawk. 
Mr. 8S. E. White states (Birds of Mackinac Island, Auk, X, 1893, 223) 
that in 1889 two pairs of Goshawks could be seen about the island every day, 
but that he was unable to secure a specimen. In 1890 there was but one 
pair and the last pair had disappeared in 1891. There can be little doubt 
that these birds nested somewhere on the Island. 
At the Fontinalis Club, near Vanderbilt, Otsego County, the writer found 
a pair of mounted Goshawks, July 28, 1909, which had been killed ‘‘a 
year or two before” by Mr. I. F. Sellick, the caretaker of the club. Early 
in the summer these hawks began carrying off his poultry, even taking 
full grown fowls. Finally, in June or July, the boy who drove the cows 
was attacked by one of the birds, which struck him on the head repeatedly 
and so frightened him that he refused to pass the place again. Mr. Sellick 
visited the place and was himself attacked. He located the nest “in the 
top of a dead stub, perhaps 30 or 40 feet from the ground.” No nest was 
visible, but ‘‘the hen bird—at least the smallest one” was sitting in the top 
of this stub and evidently had eggs or young there. He shot this bird, 
and later secured the other when it returned to the nest. The nest itself 
was not examined. Mr. Sellick is positive that birds of the same kind 
nest in this vicinity every summer. 
The Goshawk has been found nesting in the mountains of Pennsylvania 
and in southern New Hampshire, as well as in the Adirondack region of 
northern New York. We know of no reason why it should not nest regularly 
in elevated regions in Michigan where there is still plenty of timber. 
The eggs are two or three, nearly white, sometimes faintly marked with 
brown, and average 2.31 by 1.74 inches. 
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION. 
Adult: Bluish-gray or bluish-slate above, darkening to blackish or clear black on the 
head, where the feathers are snow-white beneath the surface; usually a broad white stripe 
above and behind the eye, bordered below by a stripe of slate-color or black; under parts 
white finely barred with gray, blue-gray or blackish, regularly on the flanks and thighs, 
irregularly elsewhere, and many of the feathers of throat and breast with narrow dark 
shaft streaks. Tail bluish-gray like the back, sometimes without any dark bars above, 
but usually showing four or five above, and these always conspicuous on the under side of 
tail. Bill and claws black; cere, legs and feet yellow; iris deep red. Immature: Grayish 
brown above, many feathers spotted, edged, or streaked with buff or white; lower parts 
buffy white, heavily streaked and spotted (but not barred) with brownish-black; tail 
grayish-brown with four or five dark crossbands, and a narrow white terminal edging. 
Male: Length 22 inches; wing 12 to 13.25; tail 9.50 to 10.50; tarsus 2.70 to 3.05. 
Female: Length 24.50; wing 13.50 to 14.25; tail 11.50 to 12.75; tarsus same as in male. 
138. Red-tailed Hawk. Buteo borealis borealis (Gmel.). (337) 
Synonyms: Buzzard Hawk, Red-tailed Buzzard, Hen Hawk, Big Hen Hawk, Chicken 
Hawk, White-breasted Chicken Hawk, Eastern Redtail.—Falco borealis, Gmel., 1788, 
Wils., 1808, Nutt., 1840.—Buteo borealis, Vieill., 1819, and American authors generally. 
Plate XIX and Figure 72. 
When adult readily recognized by the large size and the general bright 
chestnut color of the tail with a narrow white tip and sometimes more or 
