(su) 
LAND BIRDS. iil 
234. Junco. Junco hyemalis hyemalis (Linn.). (567) 
: Sy nonyms: Slate-colored Junco, Snowbird, Common Snowbird, Slate-colored Snowbird, 
Blue Snowbird, Black Snowbird, White-bill —I'ringilla hyemalis, Linneeus, 1758, Bonap., 
Sw. & Rich., Aud.—Fringilla nivalis, Wils., Nutt.—Junco hyemalis of most authors. 
Figure 116. 
Mainly slate-colored, the under parts from lower breast to tail white; 
two outer pairs of tail-feathers pure white and the third pair largely so; 
bill pink or nearly white. 
Distribution.—North America, chiefly east of the Rocky Mountains, 
breeding from the higher parts of the Alleghanies and the mountainous 
parts of southern New England northward. South in winter to the Gulf 
States. 
An abundant migrant throughout the whole state, a common summer 
resident of the northern half, and a winter resident of the southern half. 
In the preceding 
sentence the word 
half really includes in 
both cases much more 
than half the state. 
The Snowbird nests 
commonly in all suit- 
able places from lati- 
tude 44° northward, 
more abundantly, 
however, in the higher 
counties of the Lower 
Peninsula and the 
whole Upper Penin- 
sula. South of 44° it 
nests here and there, 
probably with some 
frequency as far south 
atleast as 43° and oc- Fig. 116. Junco; Snowbird. 
ae Photograph from mounted specimen. 
casionally even far- Courtesy of Wm. T. Shaw. 
ther. It was seen by 
Dr. R. H. Wolcott gathering material for nest-building at Grand Rapids, ent 
county in June, and Dr. Atkins included it among the birds known to 
breed at Locke, Ingham county, in 1883. Miss Harriet H. Wright, of 
Saginaw writes: ‘I found two Junco nests at Bay Port, Huron county, 
June 1906. One found June 4th contained three birds, the other, found 
June 12th, four eggs. There must have been more birds nesting as [| 
would see a number of birds at a time at the edge of the water where the 
fish flies had washed up.’? On the other hand, although it is given as a 
winter resident by most observers in the state, it is certain that by far 
the greater number of Juncos pass entirely out of the state on their south- 
ward migration, returning, however, in early spring. During mild winters 
large numbers remain in the southern half of the state, but. ordinarily 
it is found only in small flocks or little parties, or not at all, during Decem- 
ber, January and February. Mr. Swales states that in the neighborhood 
65 
