LAND BIRDS. 599 
blue) in place of the blue, and plain gray or pale buff in place of the black. 
Distribution.—Eastern North America to the Plains, breeding from 
northern New England and northern New York northward to Labrador, 
and in the Alleghanies south to northern Georgia; West Indies and Guate- 
mala in winter. 
This dainty little warbler is one of our most abundant migrants and is 
a summer resident in larger or smaller numbers over by far the greater 
part of the state. While many doubtless pass far north of Michigan to 
nest, large numbers remain in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula 
and all over the Upper Peninsula, and probably a few pairs nest in favorable 
localities everywhere in the state, except possibly in the two or three 
southernmost tiers of counties. It arrives from the south with the great 
wave of warblers early in May, or occasionally during the last week in 
April, and continues to move along in a rather leisurely manner until 
the very last of the month. We have records of specimens killed on 
Spectacle Reef Light, Lake Huron, May 17, 19, 21, 22, 23, and 24, in as 
many different years, while out of just a dozen fall records all but three are 
during the last week of September or the first week in October, the ex- 
ceptions being September 17, 1893, August 19, 1889, and September 
1, 1894. The latest lighthouse records are October 1, 1890 and October 3, 
1893, on Spectacle Reef Light, and October 10 on Waugoshance Light, 
near the western entrance of the Straits of Mackinac. 
Nesting records are somewhat numerous. C. W. Gunn took a set of 
four fresh eggs in Ottawa county June 6, 1878, from a nest in a raspberry 
bush in the edge of a pinery, the nest placed only about two feet from the 
ground. The late R. B. Westnedge, of Kalamazoo, took a nest in Kala- 
mazoo county May 29, 1891, containing four fresh eggs. This nest was 
but eleven inches from the ground, in a small maple bush. Dr. Gibbs 
has also found the bird in Kalamazoo county duringsummer. J. Claire 
Wood states that in June 1899 his brother found this warbler nesting near 
Detroit, Wayne county, and Dr. R. H. Wolcott found it at Charlevoix, Char- 
levoix county, where he took the nest and young. The writer also took a 
nest and three eggs near Petoskey, Emmet county, July 18,1904. In Mack- 
inac county, August 2 and 3, 1901, several pairs were found by the writer 
which evidently were feeding young, although neither these nor the nests 
were located, and Mr. Norman A. Wood and other members of the 
University of Michigan party, had a similar experience in the Porcupine 
Mountains, Ontonagon county, where a pair, evidently nesting, were 
found July 17, 1904, and young unable to fly were taken July 20. Miss 
Harriet H. Wright reports the finding of two nests in Iosco county, the last 
week in June, 1907. The nests were in small bushes at the edge of a swamp 
nd both contained eggs. 
: The nest is very ade and prettily built of leaves, fibrous bark'of 
various kinds, and roots, and often ornamented externally with cater- 
pillars’ silk, birch bark and similar materials, like the nests of many vireos. 
The nest above mentioned, found near Petoskey, was built very largely 
of fibrous bark of the hemlock, mixed with fine twigs of the same tree, 
and lined almost entirely with threadlike black roots. The outside was 
largely covered with strips and rolls of the white outer bark of the birch, 
and the nest was placed in a small hemlock only about two feet from the 
ground and directly against the white trunk of a large birch, so that it 
was by no means conspicuous. 
The eggs are three or four in number, white or creamy white, spotted 
