624 MICHIGAN BIRD LIFE. 
Manitoba, Ontario and New Brunswick; wintering in the South Atlantic 
and Gulf States, and the Bahamas. 
This appears to be one of our less common warblers in most parts of 
the state, although a few are met with in migration almost every spring, 
and it is one of the characteristic summer residents of the pine regions of 
the north. 
It is one of the earlier warblers to come north, probably entering the 
state by the first of May in average seasons and not infrequently earlier. 
At Ann Arbor Mr. Norman A. Wood’s earliest record is April 21, 1888, 
and it was observed on April 28, 1898, May 6, 1904, and April 26 and 27, 
1907. While it shows a marked preference in its summer home for ever- 
green trees, it mingles freely with other warblers during its migration 
and then may be found almost anywhere. It is by no means a conspicuous 
warbler, and since it prefers to sing from the higher parts of the pine trees, 
is doubtless often overlooked by those who are not familiar with its notes. 
The full song is a mellow trill, suggesting in length and rapidity that 
of the Chipping Sparrow, but the notes are clearer, sweeter and more 
musical. 
It builds a compact and deeply hollowed nest, usually on the branch 
of a pine or other evergreen, at a considerable height from the ground, 
often fifty feet or more. The eggs are white or grayish-white, spotted 
with brown and gray, and average .69 by .53 inches. It has been found 
nesting in northern Illinois and probably it nests in favorable localities 
throughout Michigan, but most abundantly in the northern part of the 
state. Actual records of nests however are not numerous. Miss Harriet 
H. Wright, of Saginaw writes that in the northwest corner of Iosco county 
she found two nests where the parents were feeding young, in pines, on a 
sandy knoll a little distance from the Au Sable River, during the last 
week of June, 1907; and there is a record of a nest in Mason county con- 
taining nearly full grown young on July 12 (Chaney, Auk, XXVII, 1910, 
277). 
Dr. Gibbs states that in Ottawa county, in 1879, the species was more 
or less common in summer, but was seldom found out of the tops of the 
tallest pines. He says “All day the simple notes can be heard issuing 
from the 'ofty pines, but few guns would bring the specimen from such 
a height.” He states further that in Wexford county, about Cadillac, 
it was common and well distributed in 1882, and could always be found 
in the proper localities, while on May 6, 1883 he found a pinery in Montcalm 
county full of them, and in that region he considered it the commonest 
warbler of the pine sections. He also found it abundant in June in Newaygo 
county, and in Lake county as late as October 12, 1883. 
It is perhaps somewhat more addicted to a creeping habit than most of 
its congeners, but the name ‘Pine Creeper” is hardly warranted, since 
it is a typical warbler, feeding much on insects of all kinds, in the foliage 
as well as on trunks and branches, and not infrequently taking insects 
on the wing. 
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION. 
Adult male: Above, uniform rather dull olive-green, including the sides of the head 
and neck; under parts yellow, often greenish, brightest on throat and breast, fading to 
dull white on belly and under tail-coverts; two white or grayish white wing-bars; two or 
three pairs of outer tail-feathers mostly white (both webs) near tips; eyelids and a streak 
over the eye usually yellow. Female similar, but with much less color; above grayish- 
