HYPOTHETICAL LIST. 749 
the middle tail-feathers, however, are crossed by five darker and six lighter 
ee and it averages slightly larger than the Pigeon Hawk and lighter 
above. 
This is a bird of the western plains of North America from Texas to 
the Saskatchewan and from the Mississippi to the Pacific, but it seems to 
be nowhere very common and has been recorded but rarely east of the 
Mississippi River. It has been included in several Michigan lists, but 
there is much doubt as to its actual occurrence within our limits.’ It was 
originally included in the manuscript list of the Rev. Chas. Fox, and Mr. 
Covert says that a specimen was taken at Ann Arbor in the fall of 1859, 
by Dr. Sager, but no such specimen can be found, and it seems likely that 
the identification was incorrect. 
Carolina Paroquet. Conuropsis carolinensis (Linn.). (382) 
Synonyms: Parrakeet, Carolina Parrakeet, Carolina Parrot, Ilinois Parrot, Orange- 
headed Parrot.—Psittacus carolinensis, Linn., 1758, Wils., Aud.—Conurus carolinensis, 
Kuhl., 1830, and most recent authors. 
The general bright green color, with orange forehead, bright yellow 
head and neck, and blue-tipped wings, readily distinguish this bird. 
Distribution.—Formerly Florida and the Gulf States north to Maryland 
the Great Lakes, Iowa and Nebraska, west to Colorado, Indian Territory 
and Texas, and straggling northeastward to Pennsylvania and New York. 
Now restricted to Florida, Arkansas and Indian Territory, where it is 
of only local occurrence. 
This interesting bird, the only representative of the family found in 
the United States, has been long extinct in Michigan if indeed it ever 
occurred here. So far as we can learn no Michigan specimen exists today. 
Mr. Ridgway, in his “ Birds of Ilinois” (1889), says “The National Museum 
possesses a fine adult example from Illinois, another from Michigan and 
several from the Platte River in Nebraska” (Vol. I, p. 397). The specimen 
alluded to (No. 1228) is without date or exact locality, and it has been 
shown recently that it did not come from Michigan, but from the “Southern 
States” (Swales, Auk, XXVII, 1910, 209). There is a single specimen 
in the Kumlien collection taken in Waukesha county, Wisconsin in 1844, 
and probably the only Wisconsin specimen extant (Birds of Wisconsin, 
. 73). 
: It a formerly a regular visitor to Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, and 
doubtless bred in all those states. Audubon states that they were plentiful 
in Ohio about 1807, and could be procured as far north as Lake Erie, 
and Amos Butler, who has collected much interesting matter relating to 
this species in Indiana, gives a record of their nesting at one time within 
a few miles of Indianapolis. 
Ladder-backed . Three-toed Woodpecker. Picoides americanus americanus 
Brehm. (401) 
Synonyms: American Black-backed Woodpecker. 
Very similar to the Black-backed Three-toed Woodpecker, but some- 
what smaller and the middle line of back not uniform black, but more or 
less crossbarred with white. Length, about 9 inches, wing, 4.40 to 4.60; 
tail, 3.10 to 3.75; culmen, 1.10 to 1.25. 
This species has been repeatedly listed from Michigan, but we are unable 
