754 MICHIGAN BIRD LIFE. 
parently there is no other record of this species in any of the northern 
states. 
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION. 
Adult male: Forehead, superciliary region, lesser wing-coverts, and rump lavender 
blue or purplish; crown and occiput wine red, varying to vermilion; back and scapulars 
maroon-purplish; sides of head and neck, and lower parts, generally plum-purplish, chang- 
ing to auricula-purple or maroon on the chest, the throat usually more reddish, lores 
black (Ridgway). 
Summer Tanager. Piranga rubra rubra (Linn.). (610) 
Synonyms: Summer Red-bird; Southern Tanager. 
Entirely rose-red, more or less brownish on wings and tail, but no black 
anywhere. About the size of the Scarlet Tanager, but the bill much 
larger and the tail nearly an inch longer. The female is olive-green above 
and yellowish below, but usually with a wash of orange everywhere, giving 
it a very different appearance from the female Scarlet Tanager. 
There are two doubtful records of this species for Michigan. One occurs 
in Stockwell’s list of Michigan birds (Forest and Stream, Vol. VIII, 281), 
the other in the margin of A. B. Covert’s copy of Coues’ Ixey, where there 
is a note which reads: ‘Male, Ann Arbor, July 13, 1879.” Mr. Covert 
can give us no further information with regard to this specimen, and we 
have therefore no absolute record for the state. Several correspondents 
have assured us positively that they have seen a bird answering this de- 
scription, but knowing how easily one may mistake a Scarlet Tanager or 
a Cardinal for this bird, we do not feel warranted in including it on such 
evidence. It is normally a southern bird, ranging north to southern New 
Jersey and southern Illinois, casually to Massachusetts, Ontario (two 
records), and accidentally to Nova Scotia. According to Kumlien and 
Hollister it is a rare but regular summer visitor in southern Wisconsin, 
having been reported half a dozen times or more and specimens taken 
near Janesville, Milton, Johnstown, Racine and Milwaukee. 
In general habits, song, nesting and eggs it is very similar to the Scarlet 
Tanager. 
Loggerhead Shrike. Lanius ludovicianus ludovicianus Linn. (622) 
Synonyms: Loggerhead, Summer Butcher Bird. 
Smaller than the Northern Shrike (wing 4 inches or less), and without 
wavy cross-lines below, or with very faint ones. The lower parts are 
almost pure white and the tail not shorter than the wings—usually longer. 
Distribution.—“ Austroriparian Zone of the Atlantic and Gulf States 
from southern North Carolina to southern Florida and west to Louisiana” 
(A. O. U. Check-list, 1910). 
The notes relating to the Michigan shrikes are badly mixed, owing to 
the assumption for many years that our commonest shrike was the Logger- 
head, but that the western form, the White-rumped Shrike (L. l. excub- 
itoroides), was occasionally found here. Recently it has been shown 
that our commonest shrike in summer is a form intermediate between the 
White-rumped Shrike and the true Loggerhead and this form has been 
named the Migrant Shrike. The true or southern Loggerhead may possibly 
occur, however, in the southern part of the state, but thus far we have been 
unable to find an actual specimen in any collection. The distinctions 
between these subspecies are very slight and their recognition unlikely 
