DISEASES FROM FAULTY CONFORMATION 203 
the majority of cases, a certain amount of contraction to be 
overcome. This can only be done by continuing the use of 
a leather sole or some form of frog or bar-pad as recom- 
mended for the relief of that condition. 
C. CHRONIC BRUISED SOLE. 
A similar condition to that of corn may be met with in 
other positions on the sole. It is described by Rogerson 
as sand-crack of the sole,* and is invariably met with 
around that portion of the sole in contact with the shoe. 
The animal is lame, and the shoe is removed in order to 
ascertain the cause. Nothing at first is noticeable except 
that the animal flinches when pressure is applied to the 
spot with the pincers, or the sole is tapped with the 
hammer. 
On removing the sole with the knife, however, a distinct 
black mark is discovered, which, when followed up by 
careful paring, is often found to have pus at the bottom. 
In this case the injury has resulted, as we have already 
intimated elsewhere, from causing the animal to wear for 
too long a time a shoe with too broad a web or insufficiently 
seated. Or it may have originated with the irritation set 
up by foreign and hard substances between the web of the 
shoe and the foot. 
In his description of this condition Mr. Rogerson draws 
attention to the fact that the pus found should not be 
wrongly attributed to accidental pricking of the foot. He 
Says: 
‘ Considering that the cracks or splits are always found 
in the immediate vicinity of the nail-holes, a certain 
amount of discretionary skill is required in order that the 
lameness may be attributed to its proper cause. This is an 
instance in which the presence of the veterinary surgeon is 
imperative, in order to prevent undue blame being attached 
to the shoeing-smith. Misconception in these cases might 
very easily arise when parties concerned are disposed to 
* Veterinarian, vol. Ixiii., p. 51. 
