ESSENTIALS OF BOTANY 
106. Nature of Bud-Scales.— The fact that 
the bud-scales are in certain cases merely im- 
perfectly developed leaves or leaf-stalks is often 
clearly manifest from the series of steps con- 
necting the bud-scale on the one hand with the 
young leaf on the other, which may be found in 
many opening buds, as illustrated by Fig. 48. 
In other buds the scales are not imperfect leaves, 
but the little appendages (stipules, Figs. 63, 64), 
which occur at the bases of leaves. This kind 
of bud-scale is especially well shown in the mag- 
nolia and the tulip tree. 
107. Naked Buds.— All of the buds above 
mentioned are winter buds, capable of living 
through the colder months of the year, and are 
scaly buds. 
In the herbs of temperate climates, and even 
in shrubs and trees of tropical regions, the buds 
are often naked, that is, nearly or quite destitute 
of scaly coverings (Fig. 49). 
Make a study of the naked buds of any convenient 
herb, such as one of the common « geraniums ” (Pelar- 
gonium), and record what you find in it. 
108. Position of Buds. — The distinction be- 
tween lateral and terminal buds has already been 
alluded to. 
The plumule is the first terminal bud which 
the plant produces. Lateral 
Fic. 49. Tip of Branch of Ailan- buds are usually axillary, as 
thus in Winter Condition, show- 
ing very Large Leaf-Scars and 
shown in Fig. 58, that is, they 
nearly Naked Buds. grow in the angle formed by 
