LEAVES 
possible from the end of the petiole, to 
distribute water quickly throughout. 
118. Stipules. — Although they are 
absent from many leaves and disappear 
early from others, stipules often form a part 
(sometimes the largest and most useful por- 
tion) of the leaf1_ When present they are 
sometimes found as little bristle-shaped 
objects at the base of the leaf, as in the 
apple leaf (Fig. 68), Fie. 64. Leaf of 
sometimes as leaf- 
like bodies, for ex- 
ample in the pansy (Fig. 64), and in 
many other forms, one of which is 
that of spinous 
appendages, as 
shown in the 
common locust 
(Fig. 68). 
119. Parallel- 
Veined Leaves. 
— The leaves of 
many great groups of plants, such as 
the lilies, the sedges, and the grasses, 
are commonly parallel-veined, that is, 
with the veins running nearly par- 
allel, lengthwise through the blade, 
as shown in Fig. 65, or with parallel 
Fic. 65. Parallel-Veined 
Leaf of Solomon’s Seal. 
1 Unless the elm twigs used in the previous 
study were cut soon after the unfolding of the 
leaves in spring, the stipules may not have been 
left in any recognizable shape. 
101 
Pansy, with Leaf- 
like Stipules. 
Fic. 66. Parallel Vein- 
ing in Canna. Veins 
running from midrib 
to margin, 
