ECOLOGY OF LEAVES 107 
usually with the space between the leaves a good deal 
smaller than the areas of the leaves themselves, it is called 
a leaf-mosate. 
Many of the most 
interesting leaf- 
groups of this sort 
(as in the figure 
above mentioned) 
-are found in the 
so-called root- 
leaves of plants. 
Good examples of 
these are the dan- 
delion, chicory, 
fall dandelion, Fic. 72. Leaf Arrangement of Horse-Chestnut 
thistl e, hawk- on Vertical Shoots (top view). 
weed, pyrola, and plantain. How are the leaves of these 
plants kept from 
shading each 
other ? 
126. Much- 
Divided Leaves. — 
_ Not infrequently 
“\ leaves are cut into 
slender fringe-like 
divisions, as in the 
carrot, tansy, 
southernwood, 
wormwood, yar- 
row, dog-fennel, 
cypress-vine, and many other common plants. This kind 
of leaf seems to be adapted to offer considerable surface to 
Fic. 78. Leaf Arrangement of Horse-Chestnut 
on Vertical Shoots (side view). 
