INDEX 
Excretion of water, 134, 185. 
Excurrent trunk, 52. 
Existence, struggle for, 200-206. 
Exogenous, 71. 
Explosive fruits, 191, 192. 
Fall of horse-chestnut leaf, *102, 
104. 
Fall of the leaf, 141, 142. 
Family, 208. 
Family, subdivisions of, 209. 
Fascicled roots, *34. 
Fermentation, 245, 246. 
Fern-plants, 280-294*, 
Ferns, 280-287*. 
Fertilization, 165-167*. 
Fertilizers, vegetable, 337-339. 
Fibers, 340, 341. 
Fibrous roots, *34, 
Fibro-vascular bundles, *65. 
Filament, *153. 
Fittest, survival of, 205, 206. 
Fleshy fruits, 187. 
Fleshy fruits, uses of, 197, 198. 
Fleshy roots, 37-39. 
Floating seeds, 195. 
Floral diagrams, #156, *157. 
Floral envelopes, *148. 
Floral organs, movements of, 175- 
177%. 
Flower, nature of, *159, *160. 
Flower, organs of, *148, 149. 
Flower, plan of, 148-157*. 
Flower-buds, position of, *90, *91. 
Flowerless plants. See Spore-plants. 
Flowers, bird-pollinated, 174. 
Flowers, colors of, 171, 172. 
Flowers, ecology of, 168-180* 
Flowers, odors of, 170, 171. 
Flytrap, Venus, *121, 122, 
3871. 
Follicle, *186. 
Food in embryo, 12. 
Food, storage of, in root, 37, 38. 
Food, storage of, in stem, 82-85. 
Food, storage outside of embryo, 12. 
Foods for animals, 336, 337. 
Foods, human, 324-835. 
Forestry, 348-353. 
Forests, influence on climate and 
water supply, 352, 353. 
Formative tissue, *71. 
Fossil plants, 236, 237, 293, 294, 
298, 
Four-o’clock seed, 13. 
Foxglove, pinnate leaf of, *98. 
Free, 155, #156. 
Free central placentation, *155. 
Frond, #281. 
Fruit, 181-199*. 
Fruit, definition of, 185. 
Fruits, study of, 181-184. 
Fruits, uses of, 191-199*. 
Fucus, type study, 280-233*. 
Fuel, 348. 
Funaria, *276. 
Fungi, 289-264*, 
Fusarium, 323. 
Gamete, *221, 225, 228, 229, #232, 
*248, *268, *269, *276, *285. 
Gametophyte, 271, 275, 277, *283, 
286, 291, 293. 
Gamopetalous, #152. 
Gamosepalous, *152. 
Generations, alternation of, 270. - 
Generative cell, in pollen tube, *165. 
Genus, 207,208. - - 3) acy 
Germination, 4-11*. > 
Germination, chemical changes¢ dur- 
ing, 9, 10. oS SR 
