120 KEY AND FLORA 
leaflets cut-serrate. Flowers small, in a close, leafy cyme. Styles 
glandular-thickened at the base. In dry soil. 
3. P.rivalis Nutt., var. millegrana. Dirruse CINQUEFOIL. Annual. 
Stems decumbent or ascending, commonly diffusely branched, 13-3. 
ft. high, clothed with long, soft hairs or nearly smooth. Leaves all 
but the uppermost of 3 leaflets and petioled; leaflets oblong, wedge- 
shaped, thin, deeply serrate. Flowers yellow, in loose, leafy cymes. 
Style somewhat thickened below. In damp soil W. 
4. P. argentea L. Sitvery CrinqueroiL. Stems prostrate or 
ascending and branching, woolly. Leaflets oblong, wedge-shaped, 
those of the upper leaves very narrow, with a few large, deeply-cut 
teeth,-smooth and green above, silvery beneath, with a dense coat 
of white wool. Flowers small and somewhat clustered, yellow. Dry 
fields and roadsides. 
5. P. Anserina L. SILVERWEED. Stems spreading by slender 
runners, with many joints, silky-hairy. Leaves all radical, pinnate ; 
leaflets 7-21, serrate, oblanceolate or obovate, nearly smooth above, 
white and silky-downy beneath. Flowers yellow, 4-1 in. in diameter. 
Style thread-like. River banks, brackish marshes, and borders of lakes. 
6. P. canadensis L. Common Cinqurrort. Stems slender, pro- 
cumbent, silky-hairy, sending out long runners. Leaflets obovate, 
wedge-shaped, appearing like 5 from the divisions of the 2 lateral 
ones. Peduncles 1-flowered in the axils of the leaves. Flowers 
yellow. Common in dry pastures and a troublesome weed. 
X. FILIPENDULA Hill. (ULMARIA) 
Tall perennial herbs. Leaves pinnately divided, with 
stipules. Flowers small, bisexual, in panicled cymes. Calyx 
5-lobed. Petals 5, with claws. Stamens many, hypogynous, 
borne on a flat or slightly hollowed receptacle. Pistils 5-15, 
distinct. Carpels when ripe 1—2-seeded, looking like follicles 
but not splitting open. 
1. F. rubra Hill. QuEEN or THE PRarriz. Smooth, branching, 
2-8 ft. high. Leaves very large, of 8-7 pinnately arranged leaflets, 
often with smaller ones between, the lobes cut or toothed ; terminal 
leaflet much larger, 7-9-parted. Flowers showy, pink, fragrant, 
about 4 in. in diameter. Meadows and prairies, especially in moist 
soil, sometimes cultivated. 
2. F. Ulmaria Maxim. MrapowswreeT. Stem 1-3 ft. high. 
Leaves lyrate, interruptedly pinnate, white-downy beneath. Flowers 
yellowish-white, small, fragrant, in a dense compound cyme. Pods 
spirally twisted. Cultivated from Europe and sometimes escaping. 
