122 KEY AND FLORA 
with a broad tube; its lobes 5, persistent. Petals 5. Stamens 
many. Carpels many, distinct, on a convex receptacle. Fruit 
a cluster of little 1-seeded drupes on a dry or somewhat juicy 
Become, A.. RASPBERRIES 
Grains of the fruit, when ripe, usually falling off from the receptacle 
and leaving the latter with the calyz. 
1. R..ideus L., var. aculeatissimus. Rep RaspBerry. Stems 
widely branching, biennial, not rooting at the tips, armed with 
weak bristles and with a few hooked prickles. Leaves petioled, of 
3-5 ovate leaflets which are sharply serrate and sometimes lobed, 
downy beneath. Flowers in terminal and axillary racemes and 
panicles, pedicels drooping. Fruit hemispherical or conical, red, 
separating easily from the receptacle. Common on mountains and 
burned clearings, Iowa and N., and widely cultivated.* 
2. R. occidentalis L. Buack RaspBerry. Stems long and slender, 
often recurved and rooting at the tips, armed with weak, hooked 
prickles. Leaves petioled, 8-5 ovate leaflets, coarsely serrate, white- 
downy below. Flowers white, in compact terminal corymbs. Pedi- 
cels erect or ascending. Fruit black, hemispherical, separating easily 
from the receptacle. Common on borders of woods, Missouri and 
N., widely cultivated.* 
3. R. odoratus L. FLrowrrine RaspBerry (often wrongly called 
MuLserry). Stems shrubby, rather stout, 3-5 ft. high, not prickly; 
the young shoots, peduncles, and calyx covered with sticky glandular 
hairs. Leaves large, simple, 3—5-lobed. Flowers showy, rose-purple, 
1-2 in. in diameter, on many-flowered peduncles. Fruit red, flattish, 
eatable. Rather common E. and N., and often cultivated. 
4. R.triflorus Richards. Dwarr RaspgBerry (also wrongly known 
as MuuBerry). A slender, trailing plant, almost entirely herbaceous, 
not prickly but sometimes bristly. Leaves compound, usually of 3 
but sometimes of 5 thin, ovate-lanceolate, frequently unsymmetrical 
leaflets, which are coarsely doubly serrate and often cleft or lobed, 
with a shining upper surface. Flowers small, on 1—-3-flowered pedun- 
cles. Fruit usually few-grained, rather dark red, eatable, the grains 
adhering somewhat to the receptacle. Common, especially N., in hilly 
woods, often forming a dense carpet in the partial shade of pines. 
B. BLAcKBERRIES 
Grains of the ripe fruit falling from the calyx along with the soft, eat- 
able receptacle. 
5. R. allegheniensis Porter. HicH Biackperry. Stem shrubby, 
erect or bending, 3-7 ft. high, glandular-downy above and with stout, 
