152 ‘KEY AND FLORA 
1-1} in. long. In cold woods, more abundant northward. The sap 
of this tree is the principal source of maple sugar, and some forms 
of the tree produce the curled maple and bird’s-eye maple used in 
cabinet making.* 
2. A. saccharinum L. Waite Maps, River Mapve. A tall 
tree with the main branches slender and rather erect. Leaves very 
deeply 5-lobed, with the notches rather acute, silvery-white, and when 
young downy on the lower surface, the divisions narrow, coarsely 
cut and toothed. Flowers greenish, in umbel-like clusters, appearing 
long before the leaves. Petals absent. Fruit woolly at first, then 
smooth, with diverging wings, the whole 2-3 in. long. Common on 
river banks 8. and W., also planted for a shade tree, but not safe, 
as the branches are easily broken off by the wind. 
3. A. rubrum L. Rep Marte. A small tree with red or purple 
twigs. Leaves simple, broadly ovate, palmately 3-5-lobed or some- 
times merely serrate or cut-toothed, taper-pointed at the apex, 
rounded or heart-shaped at the base, smooth or downy, becoming 
bright red in autumn. Flowers appearing before the leaves on erect, 
clustered pedicels. Petals red or yellow, oblong or linear. Fruiting 
pedicels elongated and drooping. Key red, smooth, wings about an 
inch long. Swamps and river banks E.* 
4. A. Pseudo-Platanus L. Sycamore Marte. Easily recognized 
by its drooping clusters of rather large green flowers, which appear 
with the leaves. Cultivated from Europe. 
5. A. platanoides L. Norway Marte. A large tree, with milky 
sap, which exudes from broken shoots or leafstalks in the spring. 
Cultivated from Europe; a very desirable shade tree. 
6. A. Negundo L. Box E:prr. A small tree. Leaves opposite, 
pinnately 3-5-foliate; leaflets ovate, lobed, toothed or entire, downy 
when young. Flowers dicecious, appearing from lateral buds before 
or with the leaves; the staminate on long and drooping pedicels, 
the pistillate in drooping racemes. Keys smooth, 1-1} in. long. 
River banks. Often cultivated as a quick-growing shade tree.* 
60. HIPPOCASTANACEZ. BuckryE FAmILy 
Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, long-petioled, palmately 
compound. Flowers showy, somewhat moncecious, in termi- 
nal panicles. Calyx 5-lobed, oblique. Petals 4-5, unequal. 
Stamens 5-8, hypogynous. Pistil 1; ovary 3-celled, 2 ovules 
in each cell; style slender. Fruit a 1-3-celled, leathery cap- 
sule, 1-3-seeded. Seeds with a large scar.* 
