VINE FAMILY 155 
2 or 8 together in the axils, greenish, about 4 in. in diameter, usually 
dicecious, appearing at the same time as the leaves. Calyx 4-lobed. 
Petals 4. Stamens 4. Fruit black, about 4 in. in diameter. Hills 
and river banks. 
2. R. caroliniana Walt. Carotina BucxtTuorn. A small tree 
with black bark and very hard wood; twigs finely downy. Leaves 
alternate, prominently veined, elliptical to broadly oval, entire or 
obscurely serrate, smooth or sometimes downy below; petioles slen- 
der, downy. Flowers in axillary, peduncled umbels; petals minute. 
Fruit globose, 1} in. in diameter, 3-seeded. Seeds smooth. On river 
banks.* 
Ill. CEANOTHUS L. 
Shrubs. Leaves alternate, petioled: Flowers bisexual, in 
terminal panicles or corymbs formed of little umbel-like clus- 
ters. Calyx tube top-shaped or hemispherical, with a 5-lobed 
border. Petals 5, with hoods, on slender claws. Stamens 5; 
filaments long and thread-like. Fruit dry, 3-lobed, splitting 
when ripe into 3 carpels. 
1. C. americanus L. New Jersry Tra, Rep Root. Shrub, with 
many branching stems, 1-3 ft. high, from a deep red root. Leaves 
1-8 in. long, ovate or nearly so, acute or taper-pointed at the tip, 
obtuse or somewhat heart-shaped at the base, downy beneath, serrate, 
8-nerved. Flowers small, white. 
2. C. ovatus Desf. SMALLER Rep Root. Similar to C. americanus 
but usually smaller and nearly smooth. Leaves narrowly oval or 
elliptical-lanceolate, finely glandular-serrate, 1-2 in. long. Dry rocks 
and prairies, especially S.W. 
63. VITACEZ. Vine Famity 
Shrubs, with the stem swollen at the insertion of the peti- 
oles and climbing by tendrils borne opposite the leaves. 
Leaves alternate, with stipules simple or compound. , Flowers 
small, greenish, generally in clusters, borne in similar posi- 
tions to the tendrils, hypogynous or nearly so. Sepals, petals, 
and stamens 4-5. Carpels 2, each 2-ovuled. Calyx very small. 
Corolla deciduous, the petals often hooded. Stamens opposite 
the petals. A disk inside the calyx bears nectar and. its lobes 
alternate with the stamens. Fruit a berry. 
