176 KEY AND FLORA 
I. CORNUS L. 
Trees, shrubs, or herbs. Leaves usually opposite. Flowers 
in forking cymes, or in umbels or heads, each with an invo- 
lucre, white or yellow. Calyx teeth 4. Petals 4. Stamens 4, 
Ovary 2-celled. Drupe ovoidal or ellipsoidal, the stone 
2-celled. 
1. C. canadensis L. Dwarr CorneL, BuNCHBERRY, PUDDING 
Berry. Stem herbaceous, excepting at the base, low (3-9 in.), and 
unbranched. Rootstock rather woody, slender, and creeping. Leaves 
in what appears to be a whorl of 4 or 6 at the summit of the stem, 
sessile, ovate, oval or nearly so, acute at each end, entire, smooth or 
very slightly downy. Flower stalk slender, 3-11 in. long, with a 
whorl of 4-6 large, white, petal-like bracts, forming an involucre 
round the small head of greenish flowers; the head with its invo- 
lucre appearing to others than botanists like a single flower. Fruit 
nearly spherical, scarlet, about 4 in. in diameter, in a close cluster, 
sweet and eatable, though rather insipid. Damp woods, especially N. 
2. C. florida L. FLower1nc Doewoop. Small trees; bark rough, 
black. Leaves opposite, petioled, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, entire, 
green and shining above, paler and often downy beneath. Flowers 
small, greenish, in heads which are subtended by 4 large, white or 
pink, inversely heart-shaped bracts, thickened and greenish at the 
notch. Fruit ovoid, bright red. In rich woods S. and E.* 
3. C. circinata L’Her. Rounp-LEavep Dogwoop. A shrub 3-10 
ft. high, with green, warty twigs. Leaves petioled, roundish-oval, 
contracted to an abrupt point, entire, usually rounded or truncate 
at the base, pale and soft-downy beneath. Flowers in flat cymes, 
134-21 in. in diameter. Fruit globose, light blue, 1 in. or less in 
diameter. Thickets often in rocky soil N. and along Allegheny 
Mountains. 
4. C. Amomum Mill. Kinnixinnix. A shrub 6-10 ft. high; twigs 
purple, downy when young. Leaves opposite, petioled, ovate or ob- 
long, taper-pointed, smooth above, silky-downy below. Flowers white, 
in rather close cymes. Fruit blue, stone somewhat oblique. In low 
woods.* 
5. C. asperifolia Michx. Rovcu-Leavep Docwoop. A shrub 
8-12 ft. high; twigs slender, reddish-brown, often warty, densely 
downy when young. Leaves opposite, short-petioled, lance-ovate or 
oblong, acute or taper-pointed, with rough down above, downy-woolly 
below. Cymes flat, spreading, the peduncle and branches covered 
with rough down. Flowers white. Fruit white or pale blue, stone 
depressed-globose. In dry woods.* 
