COMPOSITE FAMILY 247 
lanceolate or oblong, the segments finely cut and divided, smooth or 
downy, the lower petioled, the upper sessile. Heads small, numerous, 
in flat-topped corymbs; bracts downy. Ray flowers 4-5, white or 
pink, rays 3-lobed at the apex. Common in old fields.* 
IX. ANTHEMIS L. 
Aromatic or ill-scented herbs. Leaves finely pinnately 
divided. Heads many-flowered, with ray flowers. Rays pistil- 
late or neutral. Involucre of many small, dry, close-pressed 
scales. Akenes nearly cylindrical, generally ribbed, barely 
crowned or naked at the summit. 
1. A. Cotula L. Maywrep, Dog Fennet. Leaves irregularly cut 
into very many narrow segments. Heads small, produced all summer. 
Disk yellow. Rays rather short, white, neutral. A low, offensive- 
smelling annual weed, by roadsides and in barnyards. 
2. A. arvensis L. Fretp CHamMomite. Annual or biennial. Re- 
sembling 4. Cotula, but without offensive smell. Leaves less finely 
once or twice pinnately parted. In fields and waste ground. Natu- 
ralized from Europe. 
X. CHRYSANTHEMUM L. 
Perennials, with toothed, pinnately cut or divided leaves. 
Heads nearly as in Anthemis, except that the ray flowers are 
pistillate. 
1. C. Leucanthemum L. Oxtye Daisy, WuITEWEED, BuLui’s-Ere. 
Suerirr Pink. ‘Stem erect, unbranched or nearly so, 1-2 ft. high. 
Basal leaves oblong-spatulate, petioled, deeply and irregularly toothed ; 
stem leaves sessile and clasping, toothed and cut, the uppermost ones 
shading off into bracts. Heads terminal and solitary, large and showy, 
with a yellow disk and many white rays. A troublesome but hand- 
some perennial weed. Naturalized from Europe, chiefly E. 
2. C. frutescens L. Mareuerrits. Erect, branching, perennial, 
woody below, smooth, and with a pale bloom. Divisions of the leaves 
linear, with the uppermost leaves often merely 8-cleft bracts. Heads 
long-peduncled, showy, with a yellow disk and large, spreading white 
rays. Cultivated in greenhouses. From the Canary Islands. 
XI. SENECIO L. 
Annual or perennial ; stems often hollow. Leaves alternate, 
entire or pinnately divided. Heads with or without rays, in 
terminal corymbs; bracts mostly in a single row, often with a 
