THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PROPER FEEDING 187 



Concentrates. — Under this head come the different 

 grains, corn, oats and barley, and the various factory by- 

 products, of which wheat bran, middhngs, hnseed, cot- 

 tonseed, cocoanut meal and dried beet pulp are probably 

 the most commonly used by dairymen. Each must be 

 studied and according to its feed value must be used to 

 supplement the other two main items of diet, the suc- 

 culent feed and the hay. What was said above in regard 

 to the hay applies equally well to the concentrates and 

 the succulent feeds — the more variety the better. A 

 little effort and thought expended in obtaining this 

 variety, and in maintaining at all times a reasonable 

 balance in the ration, will be amply rewarded by obtain- 

 ing a higher rate of growth and productivity in return 

 for a smaller amount of food. Remember that your 

 goats — bucks, kids, goatlings, and does — are all alike 

 capricious. Curiosity and love of variety play a larger 

 part in influencing their appetite, their capacity, and 

 their assimilation than does the mere urge of daily hun- 

 ger, and you will get " more for your money " if you 

 bear this steadily in mind. 



Quantities to Feed. — So far no mention has Deen 

 made of quantities to feed. Some general rules may be 

 laid down, but in the end the only safe guide to follow is 

 one's own close observation of his animals. 



In the pasture or on range the goats, of course, take 



