ZOOLOGICAL POSITION AND STRUCTURE 13 



pletely covered with short hair, except on the 

 margins of the nostrils and lips. Very generally 

 there is a small suborbital face-gland, situated in a 

 shallow depression in the lachrymal bone of the 

 skull (see figure on p. 20), and frequently known 

 as the tear-gland, or larmier. Sheep also differ 

 from living oxen in that when horns are developed 

 in the females, as is usually the case among the wild 

 species, they are very much smaller than those of 

 the males, from which they generally also differ 

 considerably in shape. 



In the more typical species and breeds the horns 

 of the rams are of a massive type, curving forwards 

 along the sides of the face in a subcircular spiral 

 coil, the whole horn being in fact coiled round a 

 central axis in somewhat the fashion of a snail- 

 shell. This type of horn is represented in the 

 Egyptian frescoes of the sheep-headed god Ammon 

 or Amon, so that it may be conveniently known as 

 the Ammon type (see figure on p. 16). In tranverse 

 section these horns are more or less distinctly 

 triangular, and their front and lateral surfaces are 

 marked by a number of parallel transverse ridges, 

 which in old rams become very closely approxi- 

 mated as their origin from the skull is approached. 

 In colour the horns of the more typical sheep are 

 oak-brown, but in some of the aberrant species 

 and breeds they are olive, or even black. 



In sheep with horns of the Ammon type — or 



