168 MANUAL OF TREE DISEASES 



The sporophores of the causal fungus are formed at the 

 rusty knots and are large hoof-shaped bodies, gray or black 

 above and with numerous large and firm straw-colored or gray 

 spines on the under surface (Fig. 25). The inner substance of 

 the bodies is bright rusty red. The American Indian used the 

 red fungous material for making war paint and thus this 

 fungus has been named the Indian paint-fungus. 



Caiise. 



The stringy red-brown heartwood-rot of western conifers 

 is caused by Echinodontium tinctorium, a member of the toothed 

 fungi (Hydnaceae). The spores are borne on the outer surface 

 of the teeth on the under side of the fruiting-body. Infection 

 occurs when the spores lodge on the exposed wood of broken 

 branch stubs. For further details concerning the life history 

 and control of the wood-rotting fungi,- see page 64. 



Reference 



Meinecke, B. P. Forest tree diseases common in California and Ne- 

 vada. U. S. Dept. Agr. Forest Service. Unnumbered publica- 

 tion, pp. 1-67, pis. 1-24. 1914. 



Brown Pocket Heartwood-Rot 



Caused by Fames roseus Fries 



The heartwood of fir is frequently destroyed by the brown 

 pocket-rot. This disease occurs also in juniper, larch, spruce, 

 pine and hemlock and occasionally in arbor-vitse, beech and 

 maple. Long, cylindrical and pointed pockets of brown char- 

 coal-like decayed wood are formed. The fruiting-bodies of the 

 causal fungus are either thin and shelf-like or thick and hoof- 

 shaped. The under surface of the fruiting-body is rose-colored. 

 This heartwood-rot is more fully described imder juniper dis- 

 eases, page 204. 



