60 



Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



So far as we are able to determine from the scanty data available 

 the upper limit of the Tropical Zone on the south slope of the Sierra 

 Nevada is normal, agreeing with that observed on the San Lorenzo, 

 but local conditions may in some places tend to carry certain of the 

 tropical species up to higher levels in this part. Even on the slopes 

 of the San Lorenzo and Horqueta a considerable number of what must 

 be considered as species of the Tropical Zone are known to advance up 

 to S,ooo feet, which is the average altitudinal limit of this zone in the 

 Andean system of Colombia, according to Dr. Chapman. 



Constituent Species. — No less than three hundred and forty-four 

 species and subspecies of resident birds have thus far been recorded 

 from this zone in the Santa Marta region. This takes no account of 

 a few species, evidently of Subtropical affinities, which are known to 

 range lower down at intervals. In the subjoined list such species as 

 are known to range upward into the Subtropical Zone or beyond are 

 followed by an asterisk. 



Birds of the 



*Anhinga anhinga 

 *Phalacrocorax vigua vigua 

 *Pelecanus occidentalis 

 *Ixobrychus erythromelas 

 *Doriponus agami 

 *Hydranassa tricolor ruficollis 

 *Florida ccerulea 

 *Pilherodius pileatus 

 *Butorides striatus 



Tigris oma lineatum, 

 ■fTigrisoma salmoni 

 *Nycticorax ny die or ax ncevius 

 *Nyctanassa violacea violacea 



Cochlearius cochlearius 

 *Ajaia ajaja 

 *Theristicus caudatus 

 *Phimosus berlepschi 



Mycteria americana 

 *Dendrocygna discolor 

 *Querguedula cyanoptera 



Tropical Zone. 



Sarcoramphus papa* 



Cathartes aura aura* 



Coragyps urubu 



Chondrohierax uncinatus unci- 

 natus 

 *Odontriorchis palliatus 

 *Gampsonyx swainsoni 



Harpagus hidentatus 



Ictinia plumbea 

 *Rostrhamus sociaibilis 

 *Geranospiza ccerulescens 

 ^Accipiter superciliosus exitio- 

 sus* 



Accipiter bicolor bicolor 

 *Astur poliogaster 

 *Buteo abbreviatus 

 *Buteo albicaudatus subsp. 

 *Buteo brachyurus 

 *Heterospizias meridionalis meri- 

 dionalis 



