Todd-Carriker : Birds of Santa Marta Region^ Colombia. 345 



ing on the under parts between birds from Costa Rica and Venezuela, 

 while the exact color of the upper parts is also a variable quantity, 

 birds in fresh plumage generally having more buffy suffusion. Under 

 such circumstances it will naturally be impossible to maintain the name 

 nobilis, originally based by Sclater on an example from the Santa 

 Marta region, and applied by later authors to the birds of the entire 

 region from Ecuador to Costa Rica. 



A characteristic species of the Tropical Zone, occurring in consider- 

 able numbers from sea-level up to 4,500 feet, and apparently as com- 

 mon at one elevation as another within these limits. It frequents 

 open woodland, groves of scattered trees, and cleared land where some 

 trees have been left standing, keeping high up in the tall trees as a 

 rule. It is an active, noisy species, with a loud harsh call-note. 



297. Myiarchus tuberculifer tuberculifer (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). 



Myiarchus nigriceps (not of Sclater, i860) Salvin and Godman, Ibis, 1880, 

 125 (Minca). — Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., XIV, 1888, 258 (Minca). — 

 Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XII, 1898. 137 ("Santa Marta"), 

 158 (Pueblo Viejo), 176 (Palomina and San Miguel; plum.). — Allen, Bull. 

 Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., XIII, 1900, 143 (Minca, Onaca, Las Nubes, Cacagua- 

 lito, and Valparaiso). — Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XVII, 1904, 

 49 (San Miguel "Island" [error], in range). — Thayer and Bangs, Bull. 

 Mus. Comp. Z06I., XLVI, 1905, 153, in text (San Miguel; correction of 

 Nelson's reference). — Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 50, IV, 1907, 

 650 (Santa Marta localities and references ; meas.) . 



Myiarchus tuberculifer? Hellmayr, Nov. Z06I., XIII, 1906, 26 (" Santa 

 Marta "; crit.). 



Myiarchus tuberculifer tuberculifer Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 

 XXXVI, 1917, 477 ("Santa Marta"; crit.). 



Additional records: San Francisco, La Concepcion (Brown); Tu- 

 curinca (Carriker). 



Forty-four specimens: Bonda, Cacagualito, Jordan, Minca, Funda- 

 cion, Don Diego, La Tigrera, Cincinnati, Las Vegas, and Pueblo 

 Viejo. 



This series agree well with examples from eastern Bolivia, whence 

 came Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny's type, the pileum averaging merely 

 a trifle duller, and the size a little less. Specimens from the Santa 

 Marta region were at first referred to the M. nigriceps of Sclater, de- 

 scribed from Ecuador, but this is recognizably distinct from the pres- 

 ent form, for which tuberculifer is the earliest name, as definitely 



