396 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



Nevada, and on the east slopes of the San Lorenzo, where the humid- 

 ity is greater than elsewhere. Mr. Brown took no less than seven 

 specimens in the former region. It was rare at Las Vegas, where it 

 was seen only in a single deep, heavily wooded valley at about 4,000 

 feet. It seemed to be more numerous, although far from common, in 

 the vicinity of Pueblo Viejo and Chirua, where virgin forest still 

 exists. It keeps to the tree-tops, and is moreover very shy. Its song 

 is heard but rarely, but once heard can never be forgotten, being dis- 

 tinctly thrush-like in its quality, and loud, liquid, and clear, combining 

 the style of certain of the species of Turdus with that of Hedyme- 

 les ludovicianus. 



362. Turdus albiventer ephippialis .Sclater. 



Merula incompta (f) Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XII, i8g8, 182, in 



text (Palomina; crit.). 

 Merula albiventris fusa Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XIII, 1899, 107 



(Chirua [type-locality], La Concepcion, San Miguel, and San Francisco; 



orig. descr. ; type now in coll. Mus. Comp. Zool.). — Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. 



Nat. Hist., XIII, 1900, 121, 182 (Bonda) ; XXI, 1905, 294 (Honda; descr. 



nest and eggs). — von Berlepsch, Nov. Zool., XV, 1908, 105, in text (" Santa 



Marta " ; crit.). 

 Turdus albiventer (not of Spix) Hellmaye, Journ. f. Orn., L, 1902, 61 



("Santa Marta"; syn. ; crit.). 

 Turdus fusus Seebohm and Shaepe, Mon. Turdidse, II; 1902, 237 (reprint 



orig. descr.; crit.). 

 Turdus albiventer var. fusca [sic] Dubois, Syn. Avium, II, 1903, 1093 (ref. 



orig. descr.; range). 

 Planesticus albiventer ephippialis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 



XXXVI, 1917, 536 ("Santa Marta"; crit.). 



Six specimens: Bonda, Mamatoco, Pueblo Viejo, and Loma Larga. 



On the use of Turdus in this connection compare Oberholser, Pro- 

 ceedings Biological Society of Washington, XXXIV, 1921, 105. 



These agree well with a series from northern Venezuela, the Ori- 

 noco region, and French Guiana, which collectively differ from a skin 

 from Bahia and another from Paraguay in being somewhat grayer, 

 less brownish, the head in particular being decidedly gray, different 

 from the back, while in the southern birds these parts are not so 

 strongly contrasted, the gray being duller and more brownish. Wear 

 and fading, however, cause considerable change in color in this species, 

 which must not be overlooked when making comparisons. Some of 



