484 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



No. 9,382 (Don Diego, May 16) is in juvenal plumage, the post- 

 juvenal moult just starting. At this stage the throat is pyrite yel- 

 low, paler than the back, and the rest of the under surface is primuline 

 yellow, the breast darker, with obsolete dusky streaking. The back 

 is green (between dark citrine and warbler green), darker than in the 

 adult, and the pileum is the same color. Nos. 38,100 (August 17) 

 and 38,155 (August 29), taken three months later in the season, are 

 in first winter dress, which is as bright above and below as that of the 

 adult, but the crown is still dull green as in the earlier stage, likewise 

 the throat, although both show numerous gray feathers intermixed. 

 Possibly the pileum and throat do not become entirely gray until the 

 later moult. 



This is a species of the Tropical Zone, which, while it ranges into 

 the mountains up to 4,000 feet, is rare above 2,000 feet, being far more 

 numerous in the littoral area. It was especially common at Minca 

 and Don Diego. It is found only in the forest, in the thick under- 

 growth, near the ground, occurring in pairs or small flocks. It is not 

 shy, and may usually be approached without trouble. It has a loud, 

 rather musical chirp, but no song, and seems to be entirely insectiv- 

 orous in its food-habits. 



464. Tachyphonus luctuosus panamensis Todd. 



Tachyphonus luctuosus (not of Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny) Sclater, Proc. 

 Z06I. Soc. London, 1856, 114 ("Santa Marta"). — Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. 

 Mus., XI, 1886, 208 (" Santa Marta "). — von Berlepsch, Verb. V. Int. 

 Orn.-Kong., 191 1, 1074 ("Santa Marta," in range). 



S'.!ven specimens : Fundacion and Tucurinca. 



Adult males differ from those of T. axillaris as pointed out by Mr. 

 Ridgway, namely, in having the white middle wing-coverts more ex- 

 tended, reaching considerably beyond the tips of ihe primary-coverts 

 in the closed wing.** A series from the Orinoco region vary some- 

 what in this respect, but another from east-central Bolivia, which may 

 safely be assumed to represent typical luctuosus, are constantly dif- 



** An unfortunate and misleading error crept into the original description 

 of this form as it appeared in the Proceedings of the Biological Society of 

 Washington, XXX, 19 17, 128. As shown in the present discussion, it is the 

 adult male of Tachyphonus luctuosus luctuosus (not T. luctuosus panamensis) 

 which is " not certainly distinguishable from the same sex of Tachyphonus 

 axillaris Lawrence." 



