Tree Sttidy 7^7 



carpel, or seed-box. Other bundles of fibers pass through the flesh about 

 half way between the core and the skin. Delicate as they are, so that no 

 one observes them in eating the fruit, they show clearly as a second core- 

 line, and each terminates at a point in the calyx-tube where the stamens 

 were attached — as can be easily seen by dissecting an apple. In transverse 

 section, these show as ten faint dots placed opposite each outer point and 

 inner angle of the star at the center formed by the carpels. Sometimes the 

 seed-cells are very close to the stem, and the apple is said to have a sessile 

 core; if at the center of the fruit, it has a medium core; if nearest to the 

 blossom end, it has a distant core. This position of the core marks different 

 varieties. 



Basket of apples. 



Apples even of the same variety, differ much in yield and quality 

 according to the soil and climate in which they grow. The snow apple 

 grows best in the St. Lawrence Valley, and New York State is noted for the 

 fine flavor of the Esopus spitzenburg, the northern spy, and the Newtown 

 pippin, all of which originated and grow best within its boundaries. Thus, 

 each locality has its favorite variety. 



Too often in passing through the country, we see neglected and unprof- 

 itable orchards, with soil unfilled, the trees unpruned and scale-infested, 

 yieMing scanty fruit, fit only for the cider mill and the vinegar barrel. 

 This kind of orchard must pass away and give place to the new horticulture. 



References — Popular Apple Growing, Green; The American Apple 

 Orchard, Waugh; The Apple and How to Grow It, Farmers' Bulletin 113, 

 U. S. Department of Agriculture. 



LESSON CCI 

 The Apple 

 Leading thought — The apple is a nutritious fruit, wholesome and easily 

 digested. The varieties of apple differ in shape, size, color, texture and 

 flavor. A perfect apple has, no bruise upon it and no worm-holes in it. 



