xxvi INTRODUCTION. 
well marked terminal moraines, but also the numerous rounded 
surfaces of ice-worn rock so frequently met with among the 
south Kerry mountains. They are well seen at Lough Fadda, 
a roadside lake a few miles east of Parknasilla, and again near 
Waterville, also about Loo Bridge in Glenflesk, the Windy or 
Moll’s Gap on the Kenmare-Killarey road, about the Long 
Range and Upper Killarney Lake, &c. In one of these locali- 
ties, the excavations made a few months previously for a new 
road near the south-east corner of Lough Currane had exposed 
the long-covered rounded surface of the adjacent rock showing 
the scratches and grooves impressed by the vanished glacier 
as clear and well defined as if they had been engraved but the 
previous winter. To this action is also due the presence of 
erratics or blocs perchés, of which two fine examples occur near 
Kenmare, one a mass of limestone about 400 tons in weight 
resting on Old Red Sandstone, the other a Sandstone erratic 
of 30 tons resting on Carboniferous Limestone ; illustrations 
of these will be found in the Irish Nat. 1898, p. 228. 
The Dingle peninsula while generally following the formation 
already described, the arch or anticlinal of Old Red Sandstone, 
the trough or synclinal of limestone, is more complicated 
by the presence of the Dingle Beds and Silurian strata, two 
formations not elsewhere found in Kerry. The former of these, 
often designated the Lower Old Red Sandstone, appears in 
most of the higher mountains in the west of this district and 
lies interposed between the Upper Old Red, so common in 
the south of the county, and the Silurian formation, which 
in several places near the coast opens out in a series of shales, 
grits, &c. With these are associated some small outcrops of 
igneous rocks which appear, however, to be almost confined 
to the western extremity of this peninsula. Among these may 
be mentioned the Foze Rocks, the extreme western islets of 
the Blasket group, with Inishvickillane and Beginish two of 
its larger islands, and Clogher Head on the adjacent mainland. 
Comparatively insignificant as these outcrops now are, they 
extend over an area roughly twelve miles by four, and re- 
present one of the most extensive lava-fields known in the 
British Isles. 
Once more, at Kerry Head, the Old Red Sandstone breaks 
through the surface of the county. Here at the south-western 
extremity of the Shannon estuary this formation rises through 
the Carboniferous series in a line of rough hills which attain a 
height of over 700 feet. With this exception the north of the 
county is in great measure covered by drift and peat forma- 
tions, which, with a few exposed surfaces of limestone grits and 
