Smyrnium.] UMBELLIFERA. 121 
SMYRNIUM Linn. 
S. Olusatrum Linn. Alexanders. 
Districts I. ID WTI. — vV. VI. VI. VI. — 
Denizen. On hedge banks, waste places and about ruins. 
Rather rare and local. Bienn. April—June. 
I. About “the head of the river of Kenmare” (Dr. 
Smith) Hist. of Kerry, 1756—still there in several places, 
as about the Suspension bridge and between Kenmare and 
Roughty Lodge, &c., 1889-1908: R.W.S.—II. About the 
shore near Dunkerron (Dr. Smith) Hist. of Kerry, 1756. 
Near Darrynane House, 1905.—III. About the Abbey ruins 
at Ballinskelligs, 1900.—V. About an old castle north-west 
of Ventry, 1890, and about an old church at Stradbally 
west of Castlegregory, 1907; sparingly near the old road 
south of Derrymore, 1904.—VI. In several places between 
Killarney and Muckross, as about Flesk road, Cloghereen, 
&c., and on the Castlelough ruins, 1908 ; about the ruins of 
Ballymalis Castle, 1903.—VII. About the ruins of Kilcolman 
Abbey, 1909; rather common about Tralee and near the 
Spa and Kilfenora, Tralee Bay, 1914; about Ballyseedy and 
Ballycarty east of Tralee, 1907.— VIII. About the old Abbey 
of Abbeydorney and Lixnaw Castle ruins, 1905: R.W.S. 
In the shrubberies at Ballyheigue Castle : Rev. W. Raymond. 
First record in 1756: Dr. Smith, Hist. of Kerry, p. 382, 
No. 95. 
This plant has nowhere the appearance of a native in the 
county, and is most probably only a survival of, or escape 
from past cultivation. Both Threlkeld in 1727, and Rutty 
45 years later, refer to the use of Smyrnium as a vegetable 
in their times, although Dr. Rutty adds “ but of late has 
given way to Cellery.’”” ‘The frequency with which this 
plant is found about the ruins of castles and abbeys leaves 
little doubt that it was grown for similar use in Kerry. 
APIUM Linn. 
A. graveolens Linn. Wild Celery. 
Districts I. II. III. — V. VI. VII. VI. IX. 
Native. Muddy estuaries, brackish ditches, &c. Common 
by the sea, very rare inland. Peren. June—August. 
Inland localities are—VI. In some plenty by the roadside 
near Farranfore about half a mile from Maine bridge, 1901-06 
. —probably an escape from a neighbouring kitchen garden.— 
