20 Animal Husbandry 
25. The Cleveland Bay coach horse. — This breed was formerly 
known as the Old Coaching or Chapman horse. It is stated that 
the origin of the breed traces to a cross between the Yorkshire 
cart mares and an Oriental horse of note, belonging to one of the 
three great families descended from Dark Horse, Barley Harvest, 
and Farmer’s Glory. The Cleveland Bay is the oldest type of 
large-sized carriage horse and has existed probably without much 
variation in the North and East Ridings of Yorkshire for more 
than two centuries. The breed sustained a serious blow when the 
development of railways reduced the demand for stage-coach 
horses, and when it became a common practice to breed carriage 
horses by mating Thoroughbreds with small mares, but it was 
saved from extinction by being employed for farm work. 
26. Cleveland Bay compared with the Hackney. — The former 
is more upstanding and larger than the latter, possessing good 
sloping shoulders, a back of good length, powerful loins, and long 
quarters. The Cleveland Bay lacks the attractiveness in the 
carriage of the head, neck, and tail, and the action is not so stylish 
or flashy as in the Hackney, although the movement is strong and 
powerful. 
THE DRAFT BREEDS OF HORSES 
The horse is very susceptible to climatic conditions. A tem- 
perate climate and fertile grassy plains produce horses distinguished 
for size and strength, while highlands and mountain ranges, with 
bleak, cold climate and. scanty subsistence, dwarf the frame, 
and produce a hardy, diminutive animal. There is no exception 
to this in nature although man may do much by supplying warm 
quarters: and abundant food, and by selection to counteract the 
influence of climate. Thus the fertile plains of Germany and 
France, with their agreeable climate and abundant forage, have 
produced the ponderous draft horse which still distinguishes the 
region, and has been the source from which all of the countries 
have drawn the foundation for their draft breeds. These very 
oa 
