108 
Animal Husbandry 
THE MAJOR BREEDS OF DAIRY CATTLE 
Tur Name, Native Hous, Conpition or Horns, APPROXIMATE WEIGHT, 
AND Common Cotor ofr Eacu or THE Mason Dairy BREEDS 
Name or BREED Native Home Horns ae Cotor 
Jerseys . Jersey Islands Horns | 800-1200 | Fawnlike 
Holstein-Friesian |Holland - Horns | 1400-2000 | Black and white 
Guernseys.. . . |Guernsey Islands} Horns | 1000-1500 | Yellow fawn 
Ayrshires . . |Scotland Horns | 1000-1400 | Red, white 
177. Jersey dairy cattle. — The Island of Jersey is one of a 
group known as the Channel Islands, situated in the English 
Channel, a few miles off the coast of France, but belonging to 
Great Britain. The principal islands of the group are Jersey, 
the largest, Guernsey, Alderney, and Sark. The climate is mild 
and balmy. The exact origin of the cattle on the Island of Jersey 
is uncertain. Because of the color, however, it has been assumed 
that they descended from stock on the neighboring section of 
France, particularly Normandy and Brittany. The fawn color 
has been attributed to the cattle of Normandy, while the blacker 
color has been credited to the Brittany cattle. At an early date, 
however, steps were taken to keep the breed pure by preventing 
outside cattle coming into the Island. In 1763, an act was passed, 
which has since been rigidly enforced, and supplemented by further 
acts, prohibiting the landing of cattle on the Island except for 
the purpose of slaughter. Even before the enactment of laws, 
the purity of the cattle was maintained by the persistency with 
which the people of the Island cling to their own breed. There 
are about 40,000 cattle on the Island. 
In 1833 the Royal Jersey Agricultural and Horticultural Society 
was organized, with the purpose of improving the cattle. In 
1834 the society originated a score-card for Jerseys; in 1836 it 
