126 Animal Husbandry 
the Galloway was due largely to careful selection and to the united 
efforts of Scotch breeders generally. Among the more noted of 
the early improvers of the breed were Lord Selkirk, Murry of 
Broughton, Herring of Corrough-tree, Gordon of Greenlaw, Max- 
well of Munches, Maitland of Kirkcudbright, Cathcart of Genoch, 
Stewart of Plygell, and many others. In 1851, the breed was 
promoted by establishing the an- 
nual Galloway sale at Lockerbie, 
which was soon followed by another 
established at Castle Douglas. 
203. Galloway compared with 
the Shorthorn. — The Galloway dif- 
fers strikingly from the Shorthorn 
in its lack of horns, its black color, 
its long, shaggy coat of hair, and 
its comparatively small size. The 
Galloway head is of good type but 
less peaked at the poll than that 
of the Aberdeen Angus. While the back of the Galloway is 
straight from the poll to tail head, it is often deficient in spring 
of ribs as compared with the Shorthorn. The claim is made 
that the Galloway does not, as a rule, mature as early or fat- 
ten as rapidly as the Shorthorn, Hereford, or Aberdeen Angus, 
although Galloway cattle produce a very high-class grade of meat, 
fine in grain and flavor, with the lean and fat well interspread. 
The Galloway is of even a more active temperament than the Aber- 
deen Angus. The Galloway is ahead of the Shorthorn in hardi- 
hood and in the value of the hide, which, owing to the long coat 
of silky hair, is useful in the manufacture of robes, coats, and the 
like (Fig. 55). 
Fig. 55.— Galloway heifers. Beef 
type. 
TUE MINOR BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLE 
204. Polled Durham cattle. — Because of the similarity, this 
breed is often spoken of as hornless Shorthorns, the development 
