126 WANDEKINGS OF A 



plentiful. Among tlie lesser ranges bordering the plains, 

 and to an elevation of 8000 or 9000 feet, barking-deer 

 are common ; and on the more secluded and craggy moun- 

 tains, the goral or chamois of the Himalayas may be occa- 

 sionally seen sporting among the pine-clad precipices. This 

 little antelope is gregarious, feeding in scattered herds, so that 

 when the loud hissing call of alarm is uttered by one indi- 

 vidual, the others, one by one, take it up ; and if you were 

 on a prominent position at the time, you might see from ten 

 to twenty gorals in different parts of the hill bounding across 

 the precipices. The goral is rather higher than the barking- 

 deer, and more compact and agile in appearance. Its coat is 

 dark brown above, neck and throat white. Both sexes have 

 short black horns curving backwards, and ringed towards 

 their base. The young are bom in May or June. The im- 

 mediate neighbourhood of Eawul Pindee is far from inviting. 

 A few acacia or Persian lilacs are planted round the villages, 

 and also set off the otherwise dismal appearance of the 

 Englishmen's houses. The barren, stony wastes, level in 

 some places, slightly elevated into low hills or plateaus in 

 other situations, are covered with low scrub, and the wild 

 oleander and olive are not uncommon. Among the few 

 northern forms of plants I searched in vain for the dandelion, 

 mentioned by Sir A. Burns ia his travels as a "common 

 weed." I think he must have been mistaken both as to its 

 frequency and that of the " chickweed" and "plantago," neither 

 of which I have seen on the cis-Indus portion of the Punjaub 

 or even in the valley of Peshawur. The change, however, in 

 the vegetation of the northern Punjaub, compared with the 

 low countries, is very striking, The peach, plum, apple, pear, 

 quince, mulberry, etc., grow in gardens. The chief geological 

 feature about Eawul Pindee is a tertiary sandstone, common 



