128 WANDEEINGS OF A 



by Lieutenant "Wood in Ms travels as common in Eiinduz, but 

 it is not found in Cashmere or in the Punjaub. Besides these 

 British birds, the chiwmsy swallow makes its appearance in 

 October and leaves again for the straw-built sheds of Cash- 

 mere, where it breeds and spends the summer months. The 

 whiterTumped martin* and sand martin are both likewise 

 migratory, and repair to Cashmere and Ladakh in summer. 

 The hlach and alpins swifts remain longer, and may be seen 

 careering about during the summer evenings, especially after 

 a shower of rain. The ring-dove is a resident on the sub- 

 Himalaya. The common starling is plentiful in the north 

 as elsewhere in Hindostan. The lapwing ( Vanellus cristatus) 

 arrives in flocks in the beginning of November, and departs 

 for the west early in spring ; its summer residence I have not 

 been enabled to find out, but I imagine it must be common 

 in certain parts of Persia and Afghanistan. The common and 

 jack snipe, with a few painted snipe, appear in the Eawul 

 Pindee in February and March, when I have procured as 

 many as thirty couple at a time. 



On the 11th of December I shot several barred-headed 

 geese, and also the gray-lag, which had evidently just arrived 

 from the north vnth mallard, teal, etc., as they were very 

 tame, and allowed me to approach within easy shooting dis- 

 tance. Nearly all the water-fowl met with in the rivers and 

 marshes of the north-west come from the Tartarian lakes, 

 where they may be found breeding. At the commencement 

 of the cold months great flocks are seen steering their course 

 southwards to the Punjaub rivers. I have seen large flocks of 

 the greater and pintaUed grouse flying southwards in Sep- 

 tember, October, and November, and flocks of cranes, of up- 



* This is the Ohelidon cashmeriensis referred to before. It is at least a 

 distinct race, if not a different species, from C. urbica of Europe. 



